美国公民诉讼之“私人检察总长理论”解析

Analysis of the "Private Attorney General" Doctrine in Citizen Suits in the U.S.

传播影响力
本库下载频次:
本库浏览频次:
CNKI下载频次:0

归属学者:

张辉

作者:

张辉

摘要:

源于普通法的"私人检察总长理论"自1943年初创以来,在美国民事司法体系中起到了举足轻重的作用,已经成为包括公民诉讼在内的以同时保障个体利益和公共利益为目标的诉讼类型的理论基础。私人检察总长理论对公民诉讼的影响经历了从《民权法案》中反歧视的民权诉讼到环境保护中的公民诉讼的延伸和发展,其法律内涵、基本特征以及诉讼功能对公民诉讼的诉讼构成以及诉讼机制产生了决定性的影响,从而将公民诉讼塑造成为美国最具代表性、最受瞩目的诉讼类型。以私人检察总长理论为基础的公民诉讼不仅仅是简单的利益保障机制,同时也是一种非常有效的执法手段,还是对政府行政执法的有效补充,并共同构成了美国环境法强大的法律执行体系。公民诉讼之私人检察总长理论分析无疑会对中国未来的环境诉讼具有很重要的标榜作用和借鉴价值。

语种:

中文

出版日期:

2014-01-28

收录:

北大核心期刊; CSSCI

提交日期

2018-01-11

引用参考

张辉. 美国公民诉讼之“私人检察总长理论”解析[J]. 环球法律评论,2014(01):164-175.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 美国公民诉讼之“私人检察总长理论”解析
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 张辉
  • dc.contributor.author
  • Zhang Hui
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 西南政法大学经济法学院;
  • dc.publisher
  • 环球法律评论
  • dc.publisher
  • Global Law Review
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2014
  • dc.identifier.issue
  • 01
  • dc.identifier.volume
  • v.36;No.189
  • dc.identifier.page
  • 164-175
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2014-01-28
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 私人检察总长;;公民诉讼;;民权法案;;诉讼构成;;环境保护
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 源于普通法的"私人检察总长理论"自1943年初创以来,在美国民事司法体系中起到了举足轻重的作用,已经成为包括公民诉讼在内的以同时保障个体利益和公共利益为目标的诉讼类型的理论基础。私人检察总长理论对公民诉讼的影响经历了从《民权法案》中反歧视的民权诉讼到环境保护中的公民诉讼的延伸和发展,其法律内涵、基本特征以及诉讼功能对公民诉讼的诉讼构成以及诉讼机制产生了决定性的影响,从而将公民诉讼塑造成为美国最具代表性、最受瞩目的诉讼类型。以私人检察总长理论为基础的公民诉讼不仅仅是简单的利益保障机制,同时也是一种非常有效的执法手段,还是对政府行政执法的有效补充,并共同构成了美国环境法强大的法律执行体系。公民诉讼之私人检察总长理论分析无疑会对中国未来的环境诉讼具有很重要的标榜作用和借鉴价值。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The "private attorney general doctrine",which has its origin in the common law tradition,has been playing an important role in the civil justice system in the U.S.ever since its establishment in 1943 and has today become the theoretical basis of citizen suits and other types of litigation aimed at safeguarding both individual and public interests.The impact of the "private attorney general doctrine" on citizen suits has undergone a process of expansion and development from the anti-discrimination civil rights litigation provided for by the Civil Rights Act to environmental-protection citizen suits.During this process,the legal connotation,the basic features,and the litigation function of this doctrine have had a decisive impact on the composition and mechanism of citizen suit,shaping it into the most representative and remarkable type of litigation in the U.S.Citizen suit based on the "private attorney general doctrine" is not merely a simple interest-protection mechanism,but also a very effective enforcement mechanism.It is an effective supplement to the government administrative law enforcement and together they form a very powerful law enforcement system in the U.S.An analysis of the "private attorney general doctrine" in citizen suit in the U.S.will not doubt contribute to the development of environmental litigation in China.
  • dc.identifier.CN
  • 11-4560/D
  • dc.identifier.issn
  • 1009-6728
  • dc.identifier.if
  • 0.560
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D971.2
回到顶部