人文主义视阈下的离婚法研究

On Divorce Law from the Perspective of Humanism

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归属学者:

冉启玉

作者:

冉启玉

导师:

陈苇

导师单位:

民商法学院(知识产权学院)

学位:

博士

语种:

中文

关键词:

人文主义;离婚法;理念;人文主义分析;完善

摘要:

人文主义泛指以人的价值为中心,尊重人的本性,维护人的尊严,实现人的平等、全面、自由发展的思想或观念。尊重人、关心人是人类文明的标志,也是人类不懈努力追求的目标。离婚法人文主义就是要以为离婚法的目的,其基本理念是“以人为本”。这要求离婚法应以坚持离婚自由、防止轻率离婚及保障弱势群体权益为指导思想,并发挥法律的引导功能、保护功能及维护婚姻家庭的功能。本文从人文主义视角,以离婚法人文主义的应然性和实然性两个层面为研究思路,对我国现行离婚法律制度进行人文主义分析,并以此为基础,提出完善我国离婚法的建议。 本文除导论外,共分五章,共计约23万字。 第一章探讨人文主义基本理论及从人文主义视角研究离婚法的意义。本章对人文主义的语源及其内涵进行了分析,并对中西人文主义思想进行了比较,提出应在我国传统人文主义思想的基础上,借鉴西方人文思想中有利于推进民主、法治发展的人文主义精神,以促进我国新时期人文主义法律的研究与制定。西方人文主义萌芽于古希腊,产生于文艺复兴时期,到了启蒙学派,人文主义思想已具体化为“自由”、“平等”等内容,并逐渐成为法律的基本原则在一些欧洲国家的法律中确立下来。人文主义奠定了西方法治的基础,推动了西方法治的进程,并为自然法学派、人权观念等提供了思想滋养。我国古代的人文主义思想产生于西周,形成于春秋战国时期。儒家的“人性善”奠定了中国古代法律思想的基础,成为几千年中国法律哲学的主流思想。儒家的人文思想,主要包括“人本”、“民贵”、“民本”及“爱人”等思想。在儒家人文思想影响下,“以礼入法”、“德主刑辅”等是我国古代法的特色。这些思想对近代思想家的人本思想及我国政府新时期提出“以人为本”、“构建和谐社会”的目标产生了重要影响。人文主义法律观强调人的自由、平等价值及维护人的尊严,对制定以人为本的法律提供了基本理论框架。从人文主义角度研究离婚法,是从人的出发考察离婚法的制定、遵守及执行,是离婚法研究视角的转换,也是从过去历史上的“阶级斗争研究范式”、“义务本位研究范式”向“以人为本、尊重并保障人权”的研究范式的转变。 第二章分析离婚法人文主义之应然性。本章从离婚法的人文主义历史演变角度分析了离婚法具有的人文主义内在品性。离婚自由经历了从制度的多元功能到个体的婚姻幸福,离婚夫妻法律地位从不平等到渐趋平等,离婚法子女地位从客体到主体地位的转变无不沿着人文主义进路前进,体现法律以人为本的基本价值。现代社会,针对现实中的婚姻家庭信仰危机,许多国家采取措施巩固家庭,走“回归家庭”之路。离婚法人文主义符合现代人的现实需求,也符合我国构建“和谐社会”的基本要求。从社会学角度看,家庭是人类赖以生存的初级社会群体组织。作为初级社会群体组织,家庭是家庭成员社会化的重要场所,在满足人类情感需要、减轻心理压力、防止人性异化、稳定社会等方面发挥着重要作用。考虑人类对家庭的需求及该群体所交织的成员之间的利益,此即离婚法应有的人文关怀。在哲学上,对人的认识和关心是哲学的永恒话题,也是哲学的终极目标之一。离婚法应体现对人的认识和关注,应以实现人的价值和维护人的尊严为目标。从现代民主政治角度看,民主政治的民主、自由、追求平等等思想既为人文主义离婚法奠定了一定的基础,也与人文主义离婚法存在着良性互动关系。婚姻家庭既是伦理性组织,人文主义对人的价值的尊重也是伦理学的要求,伦理学规范何为正当和如何行为的内容为人文主义离婚法奠定了伦理学基础。 第三章探讨离婚法人文主义的基本理念及要求。人文主义离婚法的基本理念是“以人为本”,即以人为离婚法律制度的中心,强调人的目的性、尊重保障人权。离婚自由是社会文明的体现和要求,也有利于促进婚姻幸福。由于婚姻家庭符合人的普遍需求,但的理性的不完备性缺点,存在着离婚当事人对利益判断考虑不周而轻率离婚的情况。加上“人性恶”假设,有人可能会利用离婚自由损害他人的利益,故对离婚自由须加以一定的限制以防止轻率离婚。由于社会多种因素的影响,女性易成为离婚中的弱势群体,未成年子女也因无力自我抚养及理性发育不健全而成为离婚中的弱者。因此,离婚法应根据人文主义“以人为本”理念,以保障离婚自由,防止轻率离婚、保障离婚弱势群体权益为离婚法的指导思想。既然离婚法的基本理念是“以人为本”,人的能动性及一定自律性要求人文主义离婚法应发挥对人的行为的引导功能,尊重人的意思自治。同时,人性中的非理性因素及“人性恶”的本性,存在家庭成员侵犯其他成员的人身利益或财产利益的可能性,人文主义离婚法应发挥保护家庭成员人身及财产的功能。由于亲属身份亲密关系具有不可替代性、团体性特征及家庭的特殊职能,决定了人文主义离婚法应发挥维护婚姻家庭的功能。 第四章为我国离婚现状及离婚法人文主义的实然性分析。我国离婚现状的特点包括:离婚绝对人数多;改革开放30年来,我国的离婚人数急剧上升,登记离婚比例增长更快;近年来,“80后”在离婚主体中占有较大的比例;在离婚过程中,离婚当事人获得诉讼外的帮助少;离婚原因复杂多样。多种原因导致以上现状的出现,其中不乏法律制度对某些离婚现状的影响。针对我国离婚现状,有必要对我国离婚法律制度进行人文性反思,分析其中符合人文主义的方面,并对人文精神体现不足的规定进行完善,以更好地体现离婚法“以人为本”。我国离婚法的指导思想体现了离婚自由原则,符合人文主义要求,但防止轻率离婚、保障弱势群体权益措施存在一定的不足。我国《婚姻法》以夫妻“感情破裂”作为判决离婚的法律原则,尊重人的精神需求,具有人文主义品质。但宜进一步完善现行法以减少“感情破裂”认定上的难度,以更好地尊重当事人的精神需求。在我国,离婚女性贫困是一个不容忽视的问题,其经济贫困是女性权利分配保障不足的结果。我国现行法规定了一些保障离婚女性经济权益的措施,体现了对弱势群体的特殊关怀和保护,但对女性权利分配保障力度不够。在离婚离婚亲子法未成年子女主体地位方面,我国《婚姻法》以尊重和维护未成年子女权益为基本原则,但在未成年子女监护、探视等方面仍然存在未成年子女独立地位尊重不足的情形。在离婚程序法方面,我国《婚姻法》规定了调解作为离婚的必经程序,体现了对身份利益的尊重。但现行法仍然存在婚姻挽救的机制不健全、离婚调解制度人员专业性不强、调解功能发挥不足及登记离婚有些规定对未成年子女及离婚弱势方利益保障不够等不足。 第五章从人文主义角度完善我国的离婚法。本章从人文主义离婚法“以人为本”理念出发,根据人文主义离婚法的指导思想,结合我国离婚法人文精神体现不足的规定,确立了人文主义离婚法的立法指导原则,即离婚自由与适当限制原则、从形式平等到实质平等原则、尊重个体、平衡家庭其他成员利益原则、离婚亲子法子女最大利益原则。为维护满足离婚当事人及子女利益,满足其需要,根据上述原则,建议在我国离婚法部分建立符合人性需求下的多元性离婚纠纷解决机制以体现离婚法“以人为本”:建立政府性婚姻指导、服务机制;完善离婚调解制度;在离婚程序中增设离婚等待期的规定;设立专门化、专业化的家事法庭;完善判决离婚的法定条件。为保证离婚女性经济权益,建议在离婚法中增强性别意识,推行社会性别主流化。在夫妻共同财产的认定、离婚经济补偿、离婚后的扶养、离婚妇女的住房优先照顾权等方面完善离婚女性的权利分配保障措施。为进一步体现未成年子女在监护和探望中的主体地位,建议促进父母协商性养育计划的制定;完善离婚未成年子女监护制度;保障未成年子女“全面交往权”的实现,并设立未成年子女利益的监督保障机制。

学科:

民商法学

提交日期

2018-01-11

引用参考

冉启玉. 人文主义视阈下的离婚法研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2011.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 人文主义视阈下的离婚法研究
  • dc.title
  • On Divorce Law from the Perspective of Humanism
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • B2008030105050
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 冉启玉
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 民商法学院(知识产权学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 博士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学博士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2011
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 陈苇
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 民商法学院(知识产权学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 人文主义;离婚法;理念;人文主义分析;完善
  • dc.subject
  • humanism;divorce law;perception;analysis of humansim
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 人文主义泛指以人的价值为中心,尊重人的本性,维护人的尊严,实现人的平等、全面、自由发展的思想或观念。尊重人、关心人是人类文明的标志,也是人类不懈努力追求的目标。离婚法人文主义就是要以为离婚法的目的,其基本理念是“以人为本”。这要求离婚法应以坚持离婚自由、防止轻率离婚及保障弱势群体权益为指导思想,并发挥法律的引导功能、保护功能及维护婚姻家庭的功能。本文从人文主义视角,以离婚法人文主义的应然性和实然性两个层面为研究思路,对我国现行离婚法律制度进行人文主义分析,并以此为基础,提出完善我国离婚法的建议。 本文除导论外,共分五章,共计约23万字。 第一章探讨人文主义基本理论及从人文主义视角研究离婚法的意义。本章对人文主义的语源及其内涵进行了分析,并对中西人文主义思想进行了比较,提出应在我国传统人文主义思想的基础上,借鉴西方人文思想中有利于推进民主、法治发展的人文主义精神,以促进我国新时期人文主义法律的研究与制定。西方人文主义萌芽于古希腊,产生于文艺复兴时期,到了启蒙学派,人文主义思想已具体化为“自由”、“平等”等内容,并逐渐成为法律的基本原则在一些欧洲国家的法律中确立下来。人文主义奠定了西方法治的基础,推动了西方法治的进程,并为自然法学派、人权观念等提供了思想滋养。我国古代的人文主义思想产生于西周,形成于春秋战国时期。儒家的“人性善”奠定了中国古代法律思想的基础,成为几千年中国法律哲学的主流思想。儒家的人文思想,主要包括“人本”、“民贵”、“民本”及“爱人”等思想。在儒家人文思想影响下,“以礼入法”、“德主刑辅”等是我国古代法的特色。这些思想对近代思想家的人本思想及我国政府新时期提出“以人为本”、“构建和谐社会”的目标产生了重要影响。人文主义法律观强调人的自由、平等价值及维护人的尊严,对制定以人为本的法律提供了基本理论框架。从人文主义角度研究离婚法,是从人的出发考察离婚法的制定、遵守及执行,是离婚法研究视角的转换,也是从过去历史上的“阶级斗争研究范式”、“义务本位研究范式”向“以人为本、尊重并保障人权”的研究范式的转变。 第二章分析离婚法人文主义之应然性。本章从离婚法的人文主义历史演变角度分析了离婚法具有的人文主义内在品性。离婚自由经历了从制度的多元功能到个体的婚姻幸福,离婚夫妻法律地位从不平等到渐趋平等,离婚法子女地位从客体到主体地位的转变无不沿着人文主义进路前进,体现法律以人为本的基本价值。现代社会,针对现实中的婚姻家庭信仰危机,许多国家采取措施巩固家庭,走“回归家庭”之路。离婚法人文主义符合现代人的现实需求,也符合我国构建“和谐社会”的基本要求。从社会学角度看,家庭是人类赖以生存的初级社会群体组织。作为初级社会群体组织,家庭是家庭成员社会化的重要场所,在满足人类情感需要、减轻心理压力、防止人性异化、稳定社会等方面发挥着重要作用。考虑人类对家庭的需求及该群体所交织的成员之间的利益,此即离婚法应有的人文关怀。在哲学上,对人的认识和关心是哲学的永恒话题,也是哲学的终极目标之一。离婚法应体现对人的认识和关注,应以实现人的价值和维护人的尊严为目标。从现代民主政治角度看,民主政治的民主、自由、追求平等等思想既为人文主义离婚法奠定了一定的基础,也与人文主义离婚法存在着良性互动关系。婚姻家庭既是伦理性组织,人文主义对人的价值的尊重也是伦理学的要求,伦理学规范何为正当和如何行为的内容为人文主义离婚法奠定了伦理学基础。 第三章探讨离婚法人文主义的基本理念及要求。人文主义离婚法的基本理念是“以人为本”,即以人为离婚法律制度的中心,强调人的目的性、尊重保障人权。离婚自由是社会文明的体现和要求,也有利于促进婚姻幸福。由于婚姻家庭符合人的普遍需求,但的理性的不完备性缺点,存在着离婚当事人对利益判断考虑不周而轻率离婚的情况。加上“人性恶”假设,有人可能会利用离婚自由损害他人的利益,故对离婚自由须加以一定的限制以防止轻率离婚。由于社会多种因素的影响,女性易成为离婚中的弱势群体,未成年子女也因无力自我抚养及理性发育不健全而成为离婚中的弱者。因此,离婚法应根据人文主义“以人为本”理念,以保障离婚自由,防止轻率离婚、保障离婚弱势群体权益为离婚法的指导思想。既然离婚法的基本理念是“以人为本”,人的能动性及一定自律性要求人文主义离婚法应发挥对人的行为的引导功能,尊重人的意思自治。同时,人性中的非理性因素及“人性恶”的本性,存在家庭成员侵犯其他成员的人身利益或财产利益的可能性,人文主义离婚法应发挥保护家庭成员人身及财产的功能。由于亲属身份亲密关系具有不可替代性、团体性特征及家庭的特殊职能,决定了人文主义离婚法应发挥维护婚姻家庭的功能。 第四章为我国离婚现状及离婚法人文主义的实然性分析。我国离婚现状的特点包括:离婚绝对人数多;改革开放30年来,我国的离婚人数急剧上升,登记离婚比例增长更快;近年来,“80后”在离婚主体中占有较大的比例;在离婚过程中,离婚当事人获得诉讼外的帮助少;离婚原因复杂多样。多种原因导致以上现状的出现,其中不乏法律制度对某些离婚现状的影响。针对我国离婚现状,有必要对我国离婚法律制度进行人文性反思,分析其中符合人文主义的方面,并对人文精神体现不足的规定进行完善,以更好地体现离婚法“以人为本”。我国离婚法的指导思想体现了离婚自由原则,符合人文主义要求,但防止轻率离婚、保障弱势群体权益措施存在一定的不足。我国《婚姻法》以夫妻“感情破裂”作为判决离婚的法律原则,尊重人的精神需求,具有人文主义品质。但宜进一步完善现行法以减少“感情破裂”认定上的难度,以更好地尊重当事人的精神需求。在我国,离婚女性贫困是一个不容忽视的问题,其经济贫困是女性权利分配保障不足的结果。我国现行法规定了一些保障离婚女性经济权益的措施,体现了对弱势群体的特殊关怀和保护,但对女性权利分配保障力度不够。在离婚离婚亲子法未成年子女主体地位方面,我国《婚姻法》以尊重和维护未成年子女权益为基本原则,但在未成年子女监护、探视等方面仍然存在未成年子女独立地位尊重不足的情形。在离婚程序法方面,我国《婚姻法》规定了调解作为离婚的必经程序,体现了对身份利益的尊重。但现行法仍然存在婚姻挽救的机制不健全、离婚调解制度人员专业性不强、调解功能发挥不足及登记离婚有些规定对未成年子女及离婚弱势方利益保障不够等不足。 第五章从人文主义角度完善我国的离婚法。本章从人文主义离婚法“以人为本”理念出发,根据人文主义离婚法的指导思想,结合我国离婚法人文精神体现不足的规定,确立了人文主义离婚法的立法指导原则,即离婚自由与适当限制原则、从形式平等到实质平等原则、尊重个体、平衡家庭其他成员利益原则、离婚亲子法子女最大利益原则。为维护满足离婚当事人及子女利益,满足其需要,根据上述原则,建议在我国离婚法部分建立符合人性需求下的多元性离婚纠纷解决机制以体现离婚法“以人为本”:建立政府性婚姻指导、服务机制;完善离婚调解制度;在离婚程序中增设离婚等待期的规定;设立专门化、专业化的家事法庭;完善判决离婚的法定条件。为保证离婚女性经济权益,建议在离婚法中增强性别意识,推行社会性别主流化。在夫妻共同财产的认定、离婚经济补偿、离婚后的扶养、离婚妇女的住房优先照顾权等方面完善离婚女性的权利分配保障措施。为进一步体现未成年子女在监护和探望中的主体地位,建议促进父母协商性养育计划的制定;完善离婚未成年子女监护制度;保障未成年子女“全面交往权”的实现,并设立未成年子女利益的监督保障机制。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Broadly speaking, humanism refers to the philosophy or thoughts that focus on the values of human, respect the nature of human, preserve human dignity, realize the equal, full and free development of human. Respcting human and caring for human are symbols of human civilization, as well the goal human persuing forever. Humanism of divorce law means treating human as the focus of divorce law, and its basic perception is“Human Orientation”, which requires the guiding theory of divorce law should be insisting on divorce freedom, preventing imprudent divorce and safeguarding the rights and interests of the disadvantaged groups, and divorce law should perfom its guiding function in dealing with divorce prombles, the protective function to the family members and supportive function to the marriage and family. This paper discusses the humanism divorce law of at the level of what-it-should-be and what-it-is from the perspective of humanism, and analyzes the humanism of current divorce law in China, then puts forward the proposals on the amendment of humanism divorce law. This paper contains 5 chapters.Chapter I discusses the basic theory on humasism and the significance of analyzing divorce law from the perspective of humanism. This chapter analyzes the origins and the meaning of humanism, and compares the Chinese and the Hesperian humansm thoughts, then points out that we should use the Hesperian humianism thoughts which favors advancing democracy and the rule by law as reference to promote the research and enactment of humanism law in modern times on the basis of Chinese traditional humanist thoughts. Hesparian humanism appeard in old Greece, originated in Italian Renaissance period. Humanism thoughts were embodied as freedom and equality etc. in Enlightment period, and freedom and equality were established as basic principles in the law of some European countries gradually. Humanism thoughts laid a foundation for the rule by law, promoted the process governed by law in western countries, and provided the ideological origins for the idea of Human Right. Chinese humanism thoughts appeard in Xizhou Dynasty, formed in Chunqiu and Zhanguo Dynasty. Confucian humanism thought of“Kindness of Human Nature”settled the basis for Chinese ancient legal thought, and became the guiding thought controlling Chinese Legal philosophy. The Confucian humanism thought contains treating people as humans, respecting people’value, people-centered status and showing love to people. Under the influence of Confucian humanism thought, the Chinese ancient laws were characterized as introducing Confucianism into laws, putting moral demands above the criminal punishment, which greatly influenced the modern humanism thinkers and setting the goal of“People Orientation”,“Building a Harmonious Society”by our government in modern times. Legal opinions of humanism on emphasizing people’s liberty, equality and preservation of human dignity provide for a basic thoritical framework for the enactment of human-centered laws. Making a study of divorce law from the perspective of humanism is exploring the enactment, abidance and enforcement of divorce law based on human, which is a transform of research angle, as well a research paradigm shift from the“Research Paradigm of Class Conflict”,“Research Paradigm of Duty Orientation”to the“Research Paradigm of Human Orientaion, Respecting and Safeguarding Human Right”. Chapter II analyzes humanism divorce law from the perspective of what-it-should-be. This chapter analyzes the internal hunamism character of divorce law from the angle of its historical development. Divorce freedom experienced the shift from the multi-functions of divorce system to the happiness of indivadual’s marriage, the legal status of the divorve husband and wife developed from unequality to gradual equality, the children’s status in divorce law changed from the object status to the subject status, all of which developed in the direction of humanism, and reflected“Human Orientation”in divorce law. Many countries adopt measures to consolidate families, insisting on“Return to the family”responding to the belief crisis in modern society. Humanism divorce law can meet the needs of modern people and is in line with the requirement of“Building a Harmonious Society”in China. From the angle of sociology, families are the primary group forms for humans to live in. Family is the important place for family members’socialization, and it plays an important role in meeting human’s feeling needs, reducing psychological pressure, preventing the dissimilation of human nature, maintaining social stability etc. Taking human’s needs to the families and the interests interlaced between family members into consideration is a humanism care that divorce law should offer for the human. Observing from philosophy, understanding and caring for human is an everlasting topic, as well one of the final goals of philosophy. Divorce law should reflect the understanding and the caring for human, realize the values and respect the dignity of the human. Democracy, freedom, persuing equality of democratical politics can lay a foundation for humanism divorce law, and can establish a favorable interrelationship with humanism divorce law. Marrage and family is an ethic organization, so respect for the human’s values of humanism is also the requirement of ethics, and what should be just and how to act that ethics concerns can establish a basis for humanism divorce law. Chapter III discusses the basic perception and the requirement of humanism divorce law. The basic perception of humanism divorce law is“Human Orientation”, that is, treating the human as the centre of the divorce law, treating the human as purpose, respecting and safeguarding the human rights. Divorce freedom is the reflection and the requirement of civilized society, and it is also beneficial to propmote marriage happiness. Marriage and family can meet the needs of common people, as the rationality of human is limited, the divorcing parties may not be so considerate to take every interest into consideration so that they may divorce imprudent. In additon, under the hypothesis of“Evilness of Human Nature”, some people may use divorce freedom as an excuse to imfinge on the interests of others, so it is necessary to limit divorce freedom to prevent imprudent divorce. Divorce women are apt to being the vulnerable groups, the minor children are also in disadvantaged position in divorce becasuse of the lack of self-support and complete rationality. Hence, divorce law should protect the interests of the disadvantaged in addition to divorce freedom and preventing imprudent divorce in accordance with“Human Orientation”. As divorce law insisting on“Human Orientation”, human’s conscious activity and self-discipline require the humanism divorce law should perform its guiding function to respect human’s self-autonomy. However, because of the irrational factors and the“Evilness of Human Nature”hypothesis, it is probable that some family members infringe upon the personal or property rights of the other ones, hunamism divoce law should perform its protective function.The consanguinity can not be substituted, and the characteristics of family groups and the special functions of the family require the function of humanism divorce law to maintain marriage and family. Chapter IV concerns the divorce situations and the humanism analysis of divorce law. The characters of divorce situations in China are as the follows: the absolut divorce number is big; the divorce rate during the past 30 years of reform and opening has been increased fast, and the divore rate in registration divorce increased more quickly; recently, divorce couples born after 1980 occupy somewhat big proportions; couples obtain limited help out of litigation during divorce; divorce causes are multiple. Many reasons are contributed to the divorce situations in China, including the influence of legislation to some divorce situations. It is necesssary to make an alanysis of our divorce law from the perspective of humanism according to the divorce situations toto analyze the humanism provisions and perfect the provisions which can’t reflect humanism well so that“Human Orientation”in divore law can be realized better. The guiding theory in China reflect the divorce principle, which is consistent with the requirement of humanism, but the measures preventing imprudent divorce and safeguarding the disadvantaged are not enough.“Mutual affection no longer exists”is used as the legal principle to grant divorce in Chinese Marriage Law, which respects the spiritual needs of the human, which owns the humanism character, but it is suitable to amend some of the current provisions to reduce the difficulty in establishing whether“mutual affection no longer exists”. The poverty of divorce women can not be neglected in China. The poverty of divorcing women is the result of the deficiency of right distribution safeguarding. Chinese Marriage Law takes some measures to protect the rights and interests of the divorce women, but the protective strength is not enough. As regards to the subject status of minor children in divorce parentage law, respecting and protecting the rights and interests is the principle of our Marriage Law, but the subject status of minors is not respected well enough in the custody and visitation provisions. As to the procedural law concerning divorce, mediation is the mandatory procedure in divorce is provided for in our Marriage Law, which reflects the respect to the interests of status. However, the mechanism in current law to save marriages is not well-established, the mediators are not professionally required,the function of mediation doesn’t perform well and some provisions in registration divorce can not protect the minors or the spouse in disadvantaged well. Chapter V discusses the amendment of Chinese divorce law according to humanism. This chapter establishes the guiding principles in the legislation of humanism divorce law according to the philosophy of“Human Orientation”,the leading theory in divorce above and the humanism deficiencies in our Marriage Law, namely, the principle of divorce fredom and proper limit, principle from the formal equality to substantive equality, principle of respecting the indivadual and balancing the interests of the other family members, and the principle of realizing the best interests of children in divorce parent-child law. Based on the legislative principles above, it is suggested to establish multiple mechanism to resolve divorce disputes for the interests and needs fo the minor children and the parties: establishment of govermental marriage guidance and service;perfecting the divorce mediation system; supplementing the waiting period to divorce procedure; establishing professional and specialized family courts; amendment of the conditions to grant divorce. In order to protect the interests of the divorce women, it is suggested to strengthen gender sense and push gender mainstreaming in divorce law. The right distribution concerning the community property, economic compensation in divorce, financial support at divorce and the priority of the women to the living house should be safeguarded. In oder to reflect the subject status in custody and visitation law, consulting parenting plan should be promoted to be made;custody law to minor children should be perfected; children’s visitation right should be proteced and the mechanism to supervise and safeguard the minor children’s interests in divorce should be established.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D923.9
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2011-03-31
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