官当制度初探

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归属院系:

行政法学院

作者:

黄洁玲

导师:

胡仁智

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

官当;爵当;特权;儒家思想

摘要:

官当制度萌芽于秦汉,正式确立在两晋,唐朝时发展最为完善,在宋朝之后消失。官当制度是中国古代独有的产物。其产生和发展的基础有着深刻的历史基础、思想文化基础和政治基础。战国至汉初的时期的“爵当”是官当制度的历史基础,而晋以后官当制度产生和存续则有着深厚的思想文化基础及政治基础。 秦汉代时的爵当制度是后世官当制度的最初形态,爵当制度与官当制度都是特权制度,两者虽然在背景基础上有许多不同之处,但实质上均是以身份——以爵秩或者官品折抵刑罚,因此,两者于性质上具有共同性。所以将爵当视为官当的最初形态。两晋时期,官当制度正式产生,始见于晋律,西晋立法上的引礼入律以及氏族豪门势力的兴盛是官当制度产生于这一时期的原因。从两晋到南北朝,官当制度已经具有了基本的形态。隋朝官当制度有了更进一步的发展,到唐朝官当制度达到最完备的形态。宋朝延续唐制,在制度基本上没有变化,但在宋朝中后期由于“姑息之政”和“进士轻薄”现象的影响,使得礼治积重难返,统治者开始严惩贪腐,出现废止官当制度的声音,但是迄宋一朝,未有发现官当制度消失的文献资料。元朝不再延续官当制度,明朝上接汉唐,但也没有延续官当制度,清从明制。说明古代社会发展至此,官当制度已经不适宜社会发展的需求。 官当制度在广义上来说包括官当、除名、免所居官、免官等情形。本文对官当制度的内涵和外延进行了分析概括。在内涵方面,本文总结了官当制度狭义的概念和广义概念所包含的内容,明确官当制度的性质为特权制度;在外延方面,则详细理清官当制度的适用条件,禁止适用条件和具体适用程序。本文还对官当制度发展各阶段内容的变化进行分析,比较战国秦至汉初“爵当”制度与晋以来“官当”制度的不同之处,分析隋朝对两晋南北朝时期官当制度内容的发展及唐朝对隋朝官当制度的发展,并且针对唐朝和西晋“除名”、“免官”比徒的不同之处进行分析。 官当制度既是践行儒家思想,有助于维护统治秩序的制度;也是姑息之政,不利于吏治,并且助长官本位思想的制度。分析官当制度的发展和消亡,对于我们今天的社会主义法治建设应有所启发。现代社会摒弃特权思想,在法律制定和实行上应当避免维护特权的做法。对于当代一些变相的“官当”行为,人们应该保持警惕。

学科:

法律史学

提交日期

2018-01-11

引用参考

黄洁玲. 官当制度初探[D]. 西南政法大学,2014.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 官当制度初探
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20110301020135
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 黄洁玲
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2014
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 胡仁智
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 官当;;爵当;;特权;;儒家思想
  • dc.subject
  • Guan Dang System;;Jue Dang System;;privilege;;Confucianism
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 官当制度萌芽于秦汉,正式确立在两晋,唐朝时发展最为完善,在宋朝之后消失。官当制度是中国古代独有的产物。其产生和发展的基础有着深刻的历史基础、思想文化基础和政治基础。战国至汉初的时期的“爵当”是官当制度的历史基础,而晋以后官当制度产生和存续则有着深厚的思想文化基础及政治基础。 秦汉代时的爵当制度是后世官当制度的最初形态,爵当制度与官当制度都是特权制度,两者虽然在背景基础上有许多不同之处,但实质上均是以身份——以爵秩或者官品折抵刑罚,因此,两者于性质上具有共同性。所以将爵当视为官当的最初形态。两晋时期,官当制度正式产生,始见于晋律,西晋立法上的引礼入律以及氏族豪门势力的兴盛是官当制度产生于这一时期的原因。从两晋到南北朝,官当制度已经具有了基本的形态。隋朝官当制度有了更进一步的发展,到唐朝官当制度达到最完备的形态。宋朝延续唐制,在制度基本上没有变化,但在宋朝中后期由于“姑息之政”和“进士轻薄”现象的影响,使得礼治积重难返,统治者开始严惩贪腐,出现废止官当制度的声音,但是迄宋一朝,未有发现官当制度消失的文献资料。元朝不再延续官当制度,明朝上接汉唐,但也没有延续官当制度,清从明制。说明古代社会发展至此,官当制度已经不适宜社会发展的需求。 官当制度在广义上来说包括官当、除名、免所居官、免官等情形。本文对官当制度的内涵和外延进行了分析概括。在内涵方面,本文总结了官当制度狭义的概念和广义概念所包含的内容,明确官当制度的性质为特权制度;在外延方面,则详细理清官当制度的适用条件,禁止适用条件和具体适用程序。本文还对官当制度发展各阶段内容的变化进行分析,比较战国秦至汉初“爵当”制度与晋以来“官当”制度的不同之处,分析隋朝对两晋南北朝时期官当制度内容的发展及唐朝对隋朝官当制度的发展,并且针对唐朝和西晋“除名”、“免官”比徒的不同之处进行分析。 官当制度既是践行儒家思想,有助于维护统治秩序的制度;也是姑息之政,不利于吏治,并且助长官本位思想的制度。分析官当制度的发展和消亡,对于我们今天的社会主义法治建设应有所启发。现代社会摒弃特权思想,在法律制定和实行上应当避免维护特权的做法。对于当代一些变相的“官当”行为,人们应该保持警惕。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Guan Dang System sprout from the Qin and Han Dynasties, was formally established inthe Jin Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, it development of the most perfect system, disappeared afterthe Song Dynasty after. Guan Dang System is the product of the unique ancient China. It’semergence and development of the foundation has profound social and historical foundation,ideological and cultural and political basis. The“Jue Dang System” in Warring States andearly Han Dynasty is the historical foundation of Guan Dang System, While after Jin thegeneration and existence of Guan Dang System has a profound cultural foundation andpolitical base. Qin and Han Dynasties Guan Dang System is the first form of later system, Guan Dangsystem and the Jue Dang system is system of privilege, although both in the background aredifferent, but in essence they were all use the identity–the tittle or the official post to discountpenalty, therefore, both in the nature have in common. So the Jue Dang System was seen asthe original form of Guan Dang system.The Jin Dynasty period, the Guan Dang System wasformal production, beginning in the Jin Law, the legislation introducing Confucianism intolaws and the flourishing of noble power is reason of Guan Dang System produced in thisperiod. From the Jin Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the system has thebasic form. The Guan Dang System was further development in Sui Dynasty, in the TangDynasty Guan Dang System has achieved the most complete form. Song dynasty continue theTang system and basically had no change, but in the later because of "appeasement policy"and "Jinshi frivolous " phenomenon in Song Dynasty, the etiquette governance wasill-protected, the rulers began to punish corruption, abolished the Guan Dang System appearssound, but in the whole Song Dynasty, the literature of disappear of the system was not found.The Yuan Dynasty no longer continue the Guan Dang System, the Ming Dynasty, inherit thetradition of Tang Dynasties, but also did not continue this system, Qing Dynasty was the same.It explain that the ancient social was developmental to far that Guan Dang System was not fitthe needs of social development anymore. Guan Dang System in the broad sense, including Guan Dang, Chu Ming, removed fromall position, removed from position, this paper analyses the intension and extension of theGuan Dang System. In the intension, this paper summarizes the Guan Dang System’s narrowand generalized conceptual content, make clear that the Guan Dang System was the privilege system; In the extension, applicable conditions, prohibiting conditions and specific proceduresof Guan Dang System were detailed clarify. This paper also analysis the change content ofdifferent stages of the development of Guan Dang System, comparison the difference betweenthe Warring States to the early Han Dynasty period and after Jin Dynasty period of GuanDang System, and analysis it’s development of the content on the period of the northern andSouthern Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasty, and the development in Tang Dynasty as well,and analysis the difference of Tang Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty according to thedifference in two Guan Dang System. The Guan Dang System is the practice of Confucianism, contributes to the maintenanceof the ruling order system; but also it was a system of palliative politics, is not conducive tothe manage of officials, and help the executive the official is standard ideology. Analysis thedevelopment and disappearance of Guan Dang System, should be inspired for today's socialistconstruction of the rule of law. The modern society abandon the privilege thought, we shouldavoid maintaining privileges in law and in practice. For some disguise form of "Guan Dang"behavior in the contemporary, people should keep vigilant.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D929
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2014-03-20
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