司法证明的逻辑

Criminal case judicial proof of logic

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归属院系:

行政法学院

作者:

樊先燕

导师:

李顺万

导师单位:

行政法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

司法证明;证据;案件事实

摘要:

在司法实践中,特别是在刑事案件中,对于案件事实的认定是整个司法活动的关键,无论是公诉方还是辩护方所主张的事实都必须要以确实充分的证据来支持,才能够被当事人、诉讼参与人以及专门机关诉讼参与人所接受和认可。认定案件事实是所有刑事诉讼证明活动的前提和基础,但案件事实并不是检察人员亲眼目睹,更不会因案件承办人员认识的需要而重现。随着近代合理主义的兴起,开始通过人的理性来发现事实真相。因此,形成了一项原则:认定案件事实必须依据证据。认定案件事实是一个可能出现许多错误的过程,错误认定就会导致错判,如何能最大限度的减少错判,这就要求司法证明过程严密,这就要求对证据与案件事实之间的关系进行深入的研究。运用证据认定案件事实这一过程可以概括为司法证明,司法证明如何才能达到真实、有效,其一证据必须是真实且充分的,其二证明过程必须是合理且符合逻辑。二者同时为真,才能保证所得出的结论是可靠的、能被接受的。也就是说,在这个司法证明过程中既保证了前提的真实性,又确保了推理的有效性。本文就以司法证明为主线,试图通过对证据、案件事实概念以及特征的了解,进一步分析证据与案件事实的逻辑关系,并且深入分析如何确保证据的真实性,进而得出司法证明过程的运用证据认定案件事实必须达到排除合理怀疑的标准。考虑到篇幅及文章结构,本文仅仅以刑事案件为研究的视角,主要分为以下五部分:第一部分为绪论。在现代诉讼中,裁判必须建立在诉讼证据的基础之上,要在发现案件事实的基础上实现实体公正,不能不依靠由案件事实本身产生的证据。随着我国刑事诉讼制度的不断完善,对证据规则以及裁判标准提出了更严的要求。尤其是新的刑事诉讼法中对证据的规定更加详细和明确。所有的司法活动都是围绕证据而展开的,明确证据与案件事实的关系具有重要的司法实践意义。第二部分为司法证明的起点与归宿。该部分主要分析司法证明中的基本概念,证据作为认定案件事实的依据,首先要清楚什么才算是证据,并且证据与案件事实之间有着怎样的关系,证据如何能证明案件事实(证据能力与证明力),对这些问题的解决构成了这部分的主要内容。第三部分为司法证明的主体、客体与证明标准。一是司法证明的责任主体,将运用证据认定案件事实的过程概括为司法证明,证明活动贯穿于整个诉讼活动中,证明主体以及证明责任人们的理解有所不同,文章主要讨论刑事案件中的证明主体,控方在司法证明中承担举证与质证的责任。二是司法证明的对象,案件事实是证明的对象,对案件事实的准确认定是得出合理结论的前提和基础。三是司法证明的标准,证据与案件事实之间的关联性,只有具备证据资格的证据才能在司法证明中起证明力。最终要达到怎样的证明标准才算是事实清楚,笔者的观点是“排除合理怀疑”。第四部分是排除合理怀疑在司法证明中的具体运用。司法证明是一个动态的过程,是证据主体运用证据来认证案件事实的一个推理、证明的过程。从逻辑学的角度分析,这个思维过程就是推理的过程,并且是一个复杂的推理过程,每一个大前提的发生就是一个外部证成。怎样才能使得这些推理结论真实有效,关键在于证据的真实性,排除合理怀疑是基于常识、经验和逻辑而对每个证据进行考证。第五部分为本文的结语。该部分重申了本文重点论述内容,并指出其中的问题,希望通过整个法律逻辑学界的共同努力寻求一些行之有效的方法对司法证明过程进行指引。能够形成比较完善的司法证明体系,逻辑思维能在司法实践中得到更好的运用。

学科:

法律逻辑学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

樊先燕. 司法证明的逻辑[D]. 西南政法大学,2013.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 司法证明的逻辑
  • dc.title
  • Criminal case judicial proof of logic
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20100301210871
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 樊先燕
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2013
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 李顺万
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 司法证明;证据;案件事实
  • dc.subject
  • The judicial proof;Evidence;The facts of the case;Evidence of ability;Relevance;A reasonable doubt
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 在司法实践中,特别是在刑事案件中,对于案件事实的认定是整个司法活动的关键,无论是公诉方还是辩护方所主张的事实都必须要以确实充分的证据来支持,才能够被当事人、诉讼参与人以及专门机关诉讼参与人所接受和认可。认定案件事实是所有刑事诉讼证明活动的前提和基础,但案件事实并不是检察人员亲眼目睹,更不会因案件承办人员认识的需要而重现。随着近代合理主义的兴起,开始通过人的理性来发现事实真相。因此,形成了一项原则:认定案件事实必须依据证据。认定案件事实是一个可能出现许多错误的过程,错误认定就会导致错判,如何能最大限度的减少错判,这就要求司法证明过程严密,这就要求对证据与案件事实之间的关系进行深入的研究。运用证据认定案件事实这一过程可以概括为司法证明,司法证明如何才能达到真实、有效,其一证据必须是真实且充分的,其二证明过程必须是合理且符合逻辑。二者同时为真,才能保证所得出的结论是可靠的、能被接受的。也就是说,在这个司法证明过程中既保证了前提的真实性,又确保了推理的有效性。本文就以司法证明为主线,试图通过对证据、案件事实概念以及特征的了解,进一步分析证据与案件事实的逻辑关系,并且深入分析如何确保证据的真实性,进而得出司法证明过程的运用证据认定案件事实必须达到排除合理怀疑的标准。考虑到篇幅及文章结构,本文仅仅以刑事案件为研究的视角,主要分为以下五部分:第一部分为绪论。在现代诉讼中,裁判必须建立在诉讼证据的基础之上,要在发现案件事实的基础上实现实体公正,不能不依靠由案件事实本身产生的证据。随着我国刑事诉讼制度的不断完善,对证据规则以及裁判标准提出了更严的要求。尤其是新的刑事诉讼法中对证据的规定更加详细和明确。所有的司法活动都是围绕证据而展开的,明确证据与案件事实的关系具有重要的司法实践意义。第二部分为司法证明的起点与归宿。该部分主要分析司法证明中的基本概念,证据作为认定案件事实的依据,首先要清楚什么才算是证据,并且证据与案件事实之间有着怎样的关系,证据如何能证明案件事实(证据能力与证明力),对这些问题的解决构成了这部分的主要内容。第三部分为司法证明的主体、客体与证明标准。一是司法证明的责任主体,将运用证据认定案件事实的过程概括为司法证明,证明活动贯穿于整个诉讼活动中,证明主体以及证明责任人们的理解有所不同,文章主要讨论刑事案件中的证明主体,控方在司法证明中承担举证与质证的责任。二是司法证明的对象,案件事实是证明的对象,对案件事实的准确认定是得出合理结论的前提和基础。三是司法证明的标准,证据与案件事实之间的关联性,只有具备证据资格的证据才能在司法证明中起证明力。最终要达到怎样的证明标准才算是事实清楚,笔者的观点是“排除合理怀疑”。第四部分是排除合理怀疑在司法证明中的具体运用。司法证明是一个动态的过程,是证据主体运用证据来认证案件事实的一个推理、证明的过程。从逻辑学的角度分析,这个思维过程就是推理的过程,并且是一个复杂的推理过程,每一个大前提的发生就是一个外部证成。怎样才能使得这些推理结论真实有效,关键在于证据的真实性,排除合理怀疑是基于常识、经验和逻辑而对每个证据进行考证。第五部分为本文的结语。该部分重申了本文重点论述内容,并指出其中的问题,希望通过整个法律逻辑学界的共同努力寻求一些行之有效的方法对司法证明过程进行指引。能够形成比较完善的司法证明体系,逻辑思维能在司法实践中得到更好的运用。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • In judicial practice, especially in criminal cases, for the cognizance of the case facts is the key to the whole judicial activity, either the prosecution or defense that facts must be to do sufficient evidence to support, can only be the parties and participants in the proceedings and the special organs accepted by the participants in the proceedings and recognition. Is to determine the case facts all the premise and foundation of the criminal litigation proof, but the case facts in most cases not prosecutors have witnessed, more will not reproduce by undertaking personnel to meet the needs of the case. With the rise of modern rational doctrine, started by people's rational. To find out the truth Therefore, formed a principle: must be based on evidence to determine the case facts. Is to determine the case facts a process may appear many mistakes, mistakes that can lead to significant, how can you minimize wrongly, this requires strict judicial proof process, finally to the evidence to the case facts accurate cognizance of the relation between. Using the evidence for this process to determine the case facts can be summarized as the judicial proof, the judicial proof how to achieve real and effective, the first evidence must be real and sufficient, and secondly that process must be reasonable and logical. Both true at the same time, to ensure that the conclusion is reliable and can be accepted. That is to say, in the process of the judicial proof is to ensure the authenticity of the premise, and to ensure the effectiveness of the reasoning.With the concept of judicial proof are presented in this paper, through the concept of evidence and the case facts and the understanding of characteristics, further analyses the logic relation of evidence to the case facts, and in-depth analysis on how to ensure the authenticity of the evidence, judicial proof process are obtained using evidence must reach beyond a reasonable doubt standard to determine the case facts. This paper is mainly divided into the following five parts:The first part is the introduction. In the modern lawsuit, the referee must be established on the basis of litigation evidence, to find the case facts on the basis of the realization of entity justice, have to rely on evidence produced by the case facts itself. With the constant improvement of our criminal lawsuit system, the evidence rules and judging criteria put forward the more strict requirements. Especially in the new criminal procedure law of the evidence rules in more detail and clear. All judicial activities are built around evidence, clear evidence to the case facts relationship has important significance to judicial practice.The second part is the starting point and end-result of judicial proof. This part mainly analyzes the basic concepts of the judicial proof and evidence as a basis to determine the case facts, must first know what is the evidence, and how the relationship between the case facts and evidence, the evidence to prove the case facts (Evidence ability and strength) evidence ability and strength, to the solution of these problems constitute the main content of this part.The third part is the legal certificate of subject, object and standard. One is the main responsibility of judicial proof, will use evidence refers to the process of judicial proof, to determine the case facts prove activities throughout the litigation activities, to prove main body and burden of proof people's understanding of the different, this article mainly discuss subject of proof in a criminal case, the prosecution in judicial proof shall assume the burden of proof and the cross-examination. Second, judicial proof object, the case facts prove, accurate cognizance of the case facts is the basis and prerequisite for reasonable conclusion. Three is a standard of judicial proof, evidence to the case facts, the connection between the only evidence of qualifications for evidence to prove in judicial proof. Ultimately to achieve what kind of certificate standard is the fact is clear, the author's view is "beyond a reasonable doubt".The fourth part is the concrete use of beyond a reasonable doubt in judicial proof. Judicial proof is a dynamic process, subject to use evidence to the case facts is evidence of a process of reasoning, to prove. From the perspective of logic analysis, this thought process is the process of reasoning, and is a complex process of reasoning, each of the major premise is an external certificate. How can make the reasoning conclusion is real and effective, is the key to the authenticity of the evidence, beyond a reasonable doubt is based on common sense, experience and logic and a verification of each evidence.The fifth is divided into the conclusion of this article. Reaffirmed this paper mainly discusses the content of this part, and points out the problems, hope that through the joint effort of the whole legal logic science to seek some effective methods to guide the judicial proof process. Able to form a more perfect system of judicial proof, logical thinking can get better using in the judicial practice.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D9
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-12
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2013-05-17
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