对阿里巴巴“余额宝”业务的法律分析

The Legal Analysis of Yu Ebao Business of Alibaba

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作者:

康命

导师:

周勇兵

导师单位:

经济法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

沉淀资金;余额宝;法律问题;PayPal基金模式

摘要:

2013年6月17日,阿里巴巴正式推出“余额宝”业务。投资人只需在支付宝界面通过支付宝账户转账,或者通过银行卡快捷支付功能将银行资金转账到余额宝,即可购买由天弘基金管理公司开发并管理的名为天弘增利宝的货币市场基金。这一金融形式成功的嫁接了支付平台和基金销售平台,因此引起了社会各界的强烈关注。一方面这种伟大的金融创新确实推动了我国的金融进程,但另一方面这种新的金融形式却面临着基金销售资格、规避监管、资金安全性及投资人利益保障等一系列的法律问题。近年来,我国对金融领域的管制逐步完善,出台了许多法律规章制度来应对和规范网络交易和网络支付,如《非金融机构支付服务管理办法》《支付机构客户备付金存管办法》等。针对证券基金投资和销售,我国也出台了《证券投资基金销售管理办法》《证券投资基金销售结算资金管理暂行规定》等多部法律法规来进行监管。但是,法律始终具有滞后性,而社会的发展,尤其是金融、网络领域的发展却是日新月异。面对余额宝这种包含了支付和基金销售两个领域的金融创新,相关主管部门应如何应对,就是本文所要探讨的问题。本文主要分为四个部分:第一部分主要是对余额宝的资金来源——第三方支付平台沉淀资金及余额宝业务的基本介绍,使读者对第三方支付和余额宝业务有初步的了解。前半部分主要探究第三方支付平台沉淀资金的含义及形成原因,以引出后文对资金安全性等的讨论。后半部分主要探究余额宝的产生以及余额宝与阿里巴巴、淘宝网、支付宝、天弘基金管理公司几者之间的关系,阐明余额宝的操作流程,并引出下文余额宝的实质及基金销售资格等问题。第二部分主要是讨论余额宝业务的实质,并探究其可能存在的问题。通过第一部分的法律关系的阐述,得出余额宝实质上是代为销售天弘基金管理公司的天弘增利宝货币市场基金。接着探究这种代为销售形式和新的理财模式可能存在的问题,如:基金的销售资格问题,备付金等法律监管问题,余额宝面临的宏观风险和微观风险,以及投资人权益保障等。第三部分主要是介绍美国相似案例——PayPal基金模式及其经验教训,并结合余额宝提出借鉴之法。余额宝与PayPal基金的初始阶段如出一辙,具有许多共同性,但PayPal基金在运行了十多年之后最终走向了灭亡,其中有成功的经验,也有失败的教训。笔者认为余额宝应该以PayPal基金为前车之鉴,扬长避短,增强自身的生命力,并在此基础上提出了相关建议措施。第四部分主要介绍完善余额宝业务的相关法律对策。从前文分析出的问题出发,笔者分别从法律监管和法律调整、支付宝、天弘基金管理公司、投资人四个角度提出了相应的对策,以期缓解乃至解决有关问题。

学科:

经济法学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

康命. 对阿里巴巴“余额宝”业务的法律分析[D]. 西南政法大学,2014.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 对阿里巴巴“余额宝”业务的法律分析
  • dc.title
  • The Legal Analysis of Yu Ebao Business of Alibaba
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20110351011203
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 康命
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2014
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 周勇兵
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 经济法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 沉淀资金;余额宝;法律问题;PayPal基金模式
  • dc.subject
  • sedimentation funds;balance treasure;legal problems;PayPal foundation model;Legal Countermeasures
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 2013年6月17日,阿里巴巴正式推出“余额宝”业务。投资人只需在支付宝界面通过支付宝账户转账,或者通过银行卡快捷支付功能将银行资金转账到余额宝,即可购买由天弘基金管理公司开发并管理的名为天弘增利宝的货币市场基金。这一金融形式成功的嫁接了支付平台和基金销售平台,因此引起了社会各界的强烈关注。一方面这种伟大的金融创新确实推动了我国的金融进程,但另一方面这种新的金融形式却面临着基金销售资格、规避监管、资金安全性及投资人利益保障等一系列的法律问题。近年来,我国对金融领域的管制逐步完善,出台了许多法律规章制度来应对和规范网络交易和网络支付,如《非金融机构支付服务管理办法》《支付机构客户备付金存管办法》等。针对证券基金投资和销售,我国也出台了《证券投资基金销售管理办法》《证券投资基金销售结算资金管理暂行规定》等多部法律法规来进行监管。但是,法律始终具有滞后性,而社会的发展,尤其是金融、网络领域的发展却是日新月异。面对余额宝这种包含了支付和基金销售两个领域的金融创新,相关主管部门应如何应对,就是本文所要探讨的问题。本文主要分为四个部分:第一部分主要是对余额宝的资金来源——第三方支付平台沉淀资金及余额宝业务的基本介绍,使读者对第三方支付和余额宝业务有初步的了解。前半部分主要探究第三方支付平台沉淀资金的含义及形成原因,以引出后文对资金安全性等的讨论。后半部分主要探究余额宝的产生以及余额宝与阿里巴巴、淘宝网、支付宝、天弘基金管理公司几者之间的关系,阐明余额宝的操作流程,并引出下文余额宝的实质及基金销售资格等问题。第二部分主要是讨论余额宝业务的实质,并探究其可能存在的问题。通过第一部分的法律关系的阐述,得出余额宝实质上是代为销售天弘基金管理公司的天弘增利宝货币市场基金。接着探究这种代为销售形式和新的理财模式可能存在的问题,如:基金的销售资格问题,备付金等法律监管问题,余额宝面临的宏观风险和微观风险,以及投资人权益保障等。第三部分主要是介绍美国相似案例——PayPal基金模式及其经验教训,并结合余额宝提出借鉴之法。余额宝与PayPal基金的初始阶段如出一辙,具有许多共同性,但PayPal基金在运行了十多年之后最终走向了灭亡,其中有成功的经验,也有失败的教训。笔者认为余额宝应该以PayPal基金为前车之鉴,扬长避短,增强自身的生命力,并在此基础上提出了相关建议措施。第四部分主要介绍完善余额宝业务的相关法律对策。从前文分析出的问题出发,笔者分别从法律监管和法律调整、支付宝、天弘基金管理公司、投资人四个角度提出了相应的对策,以期缓解乃至解决有关问题。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • In June 17, 2013, Alibaba officially launched the “balance of treasure” business. Investors only need to pay treasure interface through the pay treasure account transfer, or use rapid card payment function to transfer balances treasure through the bank. All these can be enough to buy management for Celestial increased global money market fund, which is developed by Celestial fund Management Company. This financial form is a successful graft payment platform and fund sales platform, thus aroused strong concern. One aspect of this financial innovation really greatly promote our financial process, issues a series of laws; but on the other hand, the new form of finance is facing a lot of problems ,such as :the qualification, fund sales to avoid regulation, capital safety and the interests of investors-protection. In recent years, China's regulations on financial sector becomes gradually perfect, and has promulgated a number of laws and regulations to deal with and regulate online-trading and online payment, such as "non financial institution payment services management approach" "Payment institutions customers preparing Funiculi tube method" etc.. About the securities investment fund and sales, China has also issued a "sales of securities investment fund management measures" "sales of securities investment fund settlement funds management Interim Provisions" and other laws and regulations to supervise. However, the law has always been a lag, and the development of the society, especially the development of financial, and network field change rapidly. In the face of this balance treasure contains financial innovation in two areas of pay and fund sales, the related departments should be sure how to deal with them, this paper is to explore the problems. This paper is divided into four parts: The first part is the basic introduction of the third party payment platform sedimentation funds and the balance of treasure business, so that readers can have a preliminary understanding of the third party payment and balance treasure business. The front half part is the introduction of the third party payment platform sedimentation funds meaning and cause of formation, to discuss the safety of funds out after. The second part mainly explores the relationship between balance and balance treasure and Alibaba, Taobao, pay treasure, day Hong fund management company of several persons, clarify the balance treasure operation flow, and leads to the following balance treasure essence and fund sales qualification etc.. The second part is the main substantive discussions of balance treasure business, and to explore its possible problems. The first part is the discussion of the legal relationship, the balance of treasure is essentially to sales day fund Management Company’s Celestial increased global money market fund. Then explore this generation to sales and new financial problems, such as: the problem of fund sales qualification, reserve, legal regulation, macroeconomic and micro risk balance Po faced, an investor rights protection. The third part mainly introduces the USA similar case -- PayPal foundation model and the experience and lessons, combined with Yu Ebao proposed reference method. The initial stage of Yu Ebao and PayPal run in the same groove balance fund has many public, but the PayPal fund after running for more than 10 years to the death, including the successful experience, but also the lessons of failure. The author thinks that the balance should be based on the PayPal foundation for a treasure, foster strengths and circumvents weaknesses, enhance its vitality. The fourth part mainly introduces the related legal countermeasures to perfect balance treasure business. Based on the analysis of the problem from above, the author respectively think from the legal supervision and legal regulation, pay treasure, day Hong fund management companies, investors four aspects put forward the corresponding countermeasures, in order to alleviate or solve the problem.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-19
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2014-05-18
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 引 言 1 一、余额宝的资金来源及余额宝业务的基本介绍 3 (一)余额宝资金的来源——沉淀资金的含义及形成原因 3 (二)余额宝的产生及与阿里、淘宝、支付宝、天弘之间的关系 4 二、余额宝业务的实质及其存在的问题 7 (一)余额宝的实质 7 (二)余额宝业务可能存在的问题 9 三、美国相似案例——PAYPAL货币基金模式及其经验借鉴 20 (一)PAYPAL货币基金模式简介及其与余额宝的相似之处 20 (二)PAYPAL的成功经验及失败教训借鉴 22 四、完善余额宝业务的相关法律对策 24 (一)尽快确定监管主体,并完善相关法律法规 24 (二)严格按照监管规定,增强风险提示和风险控制能力 26 (三)加强和完善金融消费者权益保障机制建设 27 结 语 29 参考文献 30 致 谢 33
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