我国突发性水污染应急管理法律问题研究

Research on The Legal Issues of Emergency Management of Sudden Water Pollution in China

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作者:

阴洁

导师:

张辉

导师单位:

经济法学院(生态法学院)

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

突发性水污染事件;突发环境事件;应急管理

摘要:

我国突发性水污染事件近几年来发生频率不断上涨,与其他污染相比,此类污染更容易扩散,并会形成较为棘手的环境问题,有时甚至会威胁到人体生命机能的发挥和生活安全的维系。因而立足于现有应急机制,应该将重点置于应对突发性水污染事件的管理之上,同时,还需要加紧研究与其相关的法律问题。突发性水污染应急管理主要体现在从防控处置到恢复治理等各个环节,具体而言包括水质监测、数据分析、应急预警、污染处置和灾后重建以及损害赔偿等方面。本文通过对现行突发性水污染应急管理进行梳理,力求通过探寻管理主体、法律规范和运行过程中存在的问题,从而提出相应的解决方案。本文主要从四个部分对上述问题进行论述:第一部分是构建我国突发性水污染应急管理的必要性分析。突发性水污染应急管理是建立在我国应急法制基础上的。通过研究我国应急法制,从而得出现有机制不足以应对突发性水污染事件,明确了突发性水污染应急管理从其他环境污染应急管理中分离出来,并进行单独研究的必要性。具体而言,重点介绍了此类突发事件的类型与特点并通过归纳比较的方法,对比水污染防治与突发性水污染应急管理的区别以及突发性水污染应急管理与其他环境应急管理的区别,从而用正反论证的方式证明了单独研究此类事件应急管理的重要意义。第二部分是对我国突发性水污染应急管理的现状进行的分析。该部分阐述了当前环境下相关制度概况,其中包括主体、对象、方式和成果等。具体而言,整理了该制度的管理体制构成,具体包括分析此类事件应急管理主体、组织机构和各部门间的联动方式。并且,归纳梳理了与该制度相关的法律法规,从而为研究该类事件的应急管理权限来源和职权范围提供前提与依据。最后,通过对应急启动与终止两个重要节点的说明,从而展开对此类事件应急管理运行机制的研究。以上内容,构成本文的研究基础。第三部分是探讨我国突发性水污染应急管理的现实困境。该部分主要围绕我国该制动中存在的问题进行论述。首先,应急主体方面,从当前形势来看,我国主要还是依靠政府来处理相关问题,因此应急效率低下成为较为严重的问题之一。其次,管理体制常常是由法律确定的。因而管理体制方面存在的问题可以从立法方面寻找答案,本文详细的介绍了我国此类事件应急管理法律问题。从纵向来看,宪法、法律、行政法规和部门规章、地方政府规章中都存在相应的不足,使得应急管理缺乏法律明确授权和具体指引;从横向来看,现行法律之间还存在漏洞或相互矛盾之处等问题。最后,在应急管理的运行过程中,我国还存在着水质监测、事件预警、信息发布和公民权利保障等方面的问题。第四部分主要是讨论为解决上述问题而应当采取的应对措施。该部分主要立足于我国实际情况,从调整应急管理主体的相关职能入手,提出完善现行法律法规的方案,并且从该类事件的事前预防、事中处置和事后恢复三个方面,提出完善我国相关管理制度运行机制的具体措施。

参考文献:

61

学科:

环境与资源保护法学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

阴洁. 我国突发性水污染应急管理法律问题研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2016.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 我国突发性水污染应急管理法律问题研究
  • dc.title
  • Research on The Legal Issues of Emergency Management of Sudden Water Pollution in China
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20130301080725
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 阴洁
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2016
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 张辉
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 经济法学院(生态法学院)
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 突发性水污染事件;突发环境事件;应急管理
  • dc.subject
  • Sudden Water Pollution Incident;Unexpected Environmental Events;Contingency Management
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 我国突发性水污染事件近几年来发生频率不断上涨,与其他污染相比,此类污染更容易扩散,并会形成较为棘手的环境问题,有时甚至会威胁到人体生命机能的发挥和生活安全的维系。因而立足于现有应急机制,应该将重点置于应对突发性水污染事件的管理之上,同时,还需要加紧研究与其相关的法律问题。突发性水污染应急管理主要体现在从防控处置到恢复治理等各个环节,具体而言包括水质监测、数据分析、应急预警、污染处置和灾后重建以及损害赔偿等方面。本文通过对现行突发性水污染应急管理进行梳理,力求通过探寻管理主体、法律规范和运行过程中存在的问题,从而提出相应的解决方案。本文主要从四个部分对上述问题进行论述:第一部分是构建我国突发性水污染应急管理的必要性分析。突发性水污染应急管理是建立在我国应急法制基础上的。通过研究我国应急法制,从而得出现有机制不足以应对突发性水污染事件,明确了突发性水污染应急管理从其他环境污染应急管理中分离出来,并进行单独研究的必要性。具体而言,重点介绍了此类突发事件的类型与特点并通过归纳比较的方法,对比水污染防治与突发性水污染应急管理的区别以及突发性水污染应急管理与其他环境应急管理的区别,从而用正反论证的方式证明了单独研究此类事件应急管理的重要意义。第二部分是对我国突发性水污染应急管理的现状进行的分析。该部分阐述了当前环境下相关制度概况,其中包括主体、对象、方式和成果等。具体而言,整理了该制度的管理体制构成,具体包括分析此类事件应急管理主体、组织机构和各部门间的联动方式。并且,归纳梳理了与该制度相关的法律法规,从而为研究该类事件的应急管理权限来源和职权范围提供前提与依据。最后,通过对应急启动与终止两个重要节点的说明,从而展开对此类事件应急管理运行机制的研究。以上内容,构成本文的研究基础。第三部分是探讨我国突发性水污染应急管理的现实困境。该部分主要围绕我国该制动中存在的问题进行论述。首先,应急主体方面,从当前形势来看,我国主要还是依靠政府来处理相关问题,因此应急效率低下成为较为严重的问题之一。其次,管理体制常常是由法律确定的。因而管理体制方面存在的问题可以从立法方面寻找答案,本文详细的介绍了我国此类事件应急管理法律问题。从纵向来看,宪法、法律、行政法规和部门规章、地方政府规章中都存在相应的不足,使得应急管理缺乏法律明确授权和具体指引;从横向来看,现行法律之间还存在漏洞或相互矛盾之处等问题。最后,在应急管理的运行过程中,我国还存在着水质监测、事件预警、信息发布和公民权利保障等方面的问题。第四部分主要是讨论为解决上述问题而应当采取的应对措施。该部分主要立足于我国实际情况,从调整应急管理主体的相关职能入手,提出完善现行法律法规的方案,并且从该类事件的事前预防、事中处置和事后恢复三个方面,提出完善我国相关管理制度运行机制的具体措施。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Sudden water pollution incident in China in recent years appear frequency rising, compared with other pollution, such pollution spread easily, easy to form more difficult environmental problems, and sometimes even threaten to maintain the function of human life play and life safety. Therefore, based on the existing emergency response mechanism, it should be put emphasis on the management of sudden water pollution incidents, at the same time, it is necessary to study the relevant legal issues. Sudden water pollution emergency management is mainly reflected in the recovery from the control treatment to all aspects of governance, specifically including water quality monitoring, data analysis, early warning and emergency response, disposal and post disaster reconstruction of pollution and damages such as. This article through to the current emergency management of water pollution emergency management, and strive to explore the management of the main body, legal norms and operation of the existing problems, and thus put forward the corresponding solutions. This paper mainly discusses the above problems from four parts: The first part is to build the analysis of the necessity of sudden water pollution emergency management. Sudden water pollution emergency management is established on the basis of China's emergency law. By studying the emergency legal system in our country, thus it is concluded that the existing mechanisms to cope with sudden water pollution incident, has been clear about the sudden water pollution emergency management separated from other environmental pollution emergency management, and the necessity of study alone. In particular, focus on the types and features of such incidents and by comparing inductive method, compared the difference between the water pollution prevention and sudden water pollution emergency management and sudden water pollution emergency management and other environmental emergency management, the difference between a thus with positive and negative arguments to prove the separate study of the significance of such incidents emergency management. The second part is about the analysis of the status quo of sudden water pollution emergency management. This part expounds the current environment related systems, including the main body, object, method and results and so on. Specifically, to sort out the management system of the structure of the system, including the analysis of such incidents emergency management subject, organization and method of linkage between departments. Combed and summarized the laws and regulations related to the system, to the research of this kind of event emergency management authority source and provide premise and basis for the scope of their functions and powers. Finally, through to the emergency start and termination of the two important nodes, thus the study of such incidents emergency management operation mechanism. The above content, constitute the basis of this article. The third part is to explore the current difficulty of sudden water pollution emergency management in our country. This part is mainly on the brake, the essay discusses the problems existing in the our country. Emergency subject aspects, first of all, from the point of the current situation, our country is still mainly rely on the government to deal with related issues, therefore emergency inefficient become one of the more serious problem. Second, the management system is often determined by the law. Thus management system problems can find answers from the aspects of legislation, this article detailed introduces the incidents emergency management in our country legal problems. From the longitudinal view, the constitution, the laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules and local government regulations of the corresponding deficiencies, make emergency management lack of legal clear authorization and specific guidance; From the horizontal view, the current legal loopholes still exist between or conflicting issues. Finally, in the process of the operation of the emergency management, our country still exist in water quality monitoring, event early warning, information release and civil rights protection and other aspects. The fourth part is mainly discuss to should take measures to solve the above problems. This part is mainly based on the actual situation in our country, from the relevant functions of emergency management subject, and put forward solutions to perfect the current laws and regulations, and from this kind of incident prevention, treatment and recovery from three aspects, put forward the concrete measures of perfecting related management system operating mechanism.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-12
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2016-05-15
  • dc.relation.citedreferences
  • 61
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