边远山区精准扶贫问题与对策

The problems and strategies in the policy of targeted poverty alliviation in the remote areas—Take the D town of S Province for example

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作者:

王莉

导师:

廖秀健

导师单位:

政治与公共管理学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

偏远山区;精准扶贫;利益;增权;内生动力;市场机制

摘要:

自上世纪80年代以来,我国就开始开展扶贫工作,在2020年即将到来之际,我国的扶贫工作取得了阶段性的成果,同时也暴露出了诸多问题,因而一种更加契合实际的扶贫方式——精准扶贫出现了。精准扶贫是于2013年习近平总书记在南方实地调研的时候,针对扶贫工作平生乱象提出来的,后来被积极推行开来。但是目前精准扶贫的实际执行效果却并不令人满意,尤其是在偏远山区,由于地理环境等先天条件不足以及内生发展动力不足等,使得精准扶贫这块“硬骨头”更难攻下。精准扶贫工作频频遇到工作上的瓶颈,人民群众对政府的认可度和满意度都受到了一定的挑战,政府要“真扶贫”、“扶真贫”,就要着力做好精准扶贫,不断发现精准扶贫出现的问题,并积极寻求解决办法。偏远山区由于位置偏远、区域条件差、生产力落后、经济能力受限制,文化教育水平低、贫困人口比重大,一直都是扶贫中的重点和难点。从消除贫困的角度来说,前一阶段的扶贫工作取得了一定的成果,很多偏远山区已经处于脱贫的边缘了,但是完成在2020年之前全部脱贫的目标任务还有很大的难度,同时由于政治任务的紧迫性,这种以政府为主导的精准扶贫在有的地方开展起来显得过于草率,同时,由于自上而下的贫困认定机制的缺陷,导致政府诉求和贫困户的诉求有明显差异,精准扶贫不精准,精准扶贫未能扶贫,从积极的和消极的两方面来讲,偏远山区的精准扶贫都有值得研究和思考的地方。笔者是一名长期扎根于基层的工作人员,对于精准扶贫有着强烈的感受和认知,本文的选题是基于笔者长期的工作经验和感受,亲眼证实了精准扶贫取得的一定成果和精准扶贫实际存在的问题,结合所学习到的理性经济人理论和增权理论两个方面的视角,对偏远山区尤其是D镇的精准扶贫工作存在的问题进行梳理,试图探讨出合适的适宜开展的帮助D镇能够有序开展精准扶贫工作的实践性对策。第一,梳理D镇的实际情况和精准扶贫状况,着重从D镇贫困政策执行情况、存在问题进行分析梳理,再根据相关理论进行适当分析,借助一些优秀学者的理论成果,形成对D镇脱贫工作的客观认识,充分肯定目前现有的已经在D镇推行的精准扶贫政策,为梳理形成系统性对策做好基础工作。第二,通过分析,发现D镇的精准扶贫工作存在的问题、矛盾,分析其原因,终究是因为每个参与主体都是以自己的利益最大化为目标,政府组织有政府组织的利益诉求,干部有干部的利益诉求,贫困户也有自己的利益诉求,其他社会参与者也有自己的利益诉求,每个主体都在追逐自己的利益往往就会导致脱贫的最终目的难以实现。其次,这种政府主动的模式,忽略了贫困户的权力,一直被动接受扶贫让贫困户没有脱贫的内生动力,缺乏权力让贫困户更难脱贫,再加上机制的不健全不完善,社会参与度低下,既是运动员又是裁判员的政府投资成本高但是收益颇微。第三,通过结合实际情况,提出应对D镇精准扶贫的意见建议对策。笔者认为,D镇的扶贫工作,在让这些利益参与主体都满足自己的利益诉求的基础上,努力达成一致,达成双赢乃至多赢局面,同时改变以政府为主导的主体地位,引入市场机制,增强贫困户的权力,提高贫困户内生动力,让他们有意识的积极参与到精准扶贫中来。

学科:

公共管理*

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

王莉. 边远山区精准扶贫问题与对策[D]. 西南政法大学,2017.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 边远山区精准扶贫问题与对策
  • dc.title
  • The problems and strategies in the policy of targeted poverty alliviation in the remote areas—Take the D town of S Province for example
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20151252001057
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 王莉
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 政治与公共管理学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 公共管理硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2017
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 廖秀健
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 政治与公共管理学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 偏远山区;精准扶贫;利益;增权;内生动力;市场机制
  • dc.subject
  • remote erea;targeted measures in poverty;benefit;accurate benefit;increases endogenous power;market mechanism for poverty alleviation
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 自上世纪80年代以来,我国就开始开展扶贫工作,在2020年即将到来之际,我国的扶贫工作取得了阶段性的成果,同时也暴露出了诸多问题,因而一种更加契合实际的扶贫方式——精准扶贫出现了。精准扶贫是于2013年习近平总书记在南方实地调研的时候,针对扶贫工作平生乱象提出来的,后来被积极推行开来。但是目前精准扶贫的实际执行效果却并不令人满意,尤其是在偏远山区,由于地理环境等先天条件不足以及内生发展动力不足等,使得精准扶贫这块“硬骨头”更难攻下。精准扶贫工作频频遇到工作上的瓶颈,人民群众对政府的认可度和满意度都受到了一定的挑战,政府要“真扶贫”、“扶真贫”,就要着力做好精准扶贫,不断发现精准扶贫出现的问题,并积极寻求解决办法。偏远山区由于位置偏远、区域条件差、生产力落后、经济能力受限制,文化教育水平低、贫困人口比重大,一直都是扶贫中的重点和难点。从消除贫困的角度来说,前一阶段的扶贫工作取得了一定的成果,很多偏远山区已经处于脱贫的边缘了,但是完成在2020年之前全部脱贫的目标任务还有很大的难度,同时由于政治任务的紧迫性,这种以政府为主导的精准扶贫在有的地方开展起来显得过于草率,同时,由于自上而下的贫困认定机制的缺陷,导致政府诉求和贫困户的诉求有明显差异,精准扶贫不精准,精准扶贫未能扶贫,从积极的和消极的两方面来讲,偏远山区的精准扶贫都有值得研究和思考的地方。笔者是一名长期扎根于基层的工作人员,对于精准扶贫有着强烈的感受和认知,本文的选题是基于笔者长期的工作经验和感受,亲眼证实了精准扶贫取得的一定成果和精准扶贫实际存在的问题,结合所学习到的理性经济人理论和增权理论两个方面的视角,对偏远山区尤其是D镇的精准扶贫工作存在的问题进行梳理,试图探讨出合适的适宜开展的帮助D镇能够有序开展精准扶贫工作的实践性对策。第一,梳理D镇的实际情况和精准扶贫状况,着重从D镇贫困政策执行情况、存在问题进行分析梳理,再根据相关理论进行适当分析,借助一些优秀学者的理论成果,形成对D镇脱贫工作的客观认识,充分肯定目前现有的已经在D镇推行的精准扶贫政策,为梳理形成系统性对策做好基础工作。第二,通过分析,发现D镇的精准扶贫工作存在的问题、矛盾,分析其原因,终究是因为每个参与主体都是以自己的利益最大化为目标,政府组织有政府组织的利益诉求,干部有干部的利益诉求,贫困户也有自己的利益诉求,其他社会参与者也有自己的利益诉求,每个主体都在追逐自己的利益往往就会导致脱贫的最终目的难以实现。其次,这种政府主动的模式,忽略了贫困户的权力,一直被动接受扶贫让贫困户没有脱贫的内生动力,缺乏权力让贫困户更难脱贫,再加上机制的不健全不完善,社会参与度低下,既是运动员又是裁判员的政府投资成本高但是收益颇微。第三,通过结合实际情况,提出应对D镇精准扶贫的意见建议对策。笔者认为,D镇的扶贫工作,在让这些利益参与主体都满足自己的利益诉求的基础上,努力达成一致,达成双赢乃至多赢局面,同时改变以政府为主导的主体地位,引入市场机制,增强贫困户的权力,提高贫困户内生动力,让他们有意识的积极参与到精准扶贫中来。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Since the 1980s, china has been working hard to help people lift themselves out of poverty and has gained some success. Meanwhile, there exist many problems which force the government to explore a more practical style of getting over poverty called targeted poverty alleviation. It was created by Chinese chairman Xi Jinping when Xi did survey in south of China. He found lots of messy phenomenon in the process. However, the effect of this work is not satisfying. Especially in some remote areas, the poor environment and underdeveloped productivity make it pretty hard to finish the task. On the contrary, this will reduce people’s trust to our government. The key point of this work is to focus on the real poverty and to make every effort to solve the problems. Some remote areas in China are the important and difficult points due to their underdeveloped economy and poor education system. We do have made a great breakthrough in resisting poverty in the first period. But the task of getting over poverty is still tough and pressing. What’s more, this pattern led by government seems to be too perfunctory, which leaves the needs of the government differ from those of the common people. Therefore, the targeted poverty alleviation can’t be targeted enough or can’t meet the true need of poverty. As a result, it’s worth thinking over this policy. I have worked as a civil servant for several years, which allows me to be experienced in targeted poverty alleviation. I have witnessed the achievements and the shortcomings. According to the fact existing in the process of targeted poverty alleviation, I attempt to explore some practical policies and strategies aiming to help finish the work. First of all, accurate the actual situation of D town and poverty facts, emphatically from D town poverty policy implementation,and discuss the problem again. And then, according to the theory of proper analysis, with the help of some good scholars theory is successful, the formation of the objective understanding of D town poverty alleviation work, fully affirmed the current precision existing in D town poverty alleviation policy and basic work for the comb form a systemic countermeasures. Second, through the analysis, found that the D precise poverty alleviation work in the town of existing problems and contradictions, analyze the causes, and, after all, because each participation main body is own benefit maximization as the goal, the government organization of the interests of the government organization, cadres of the interests of the cadres, the interests of the poor have their appeal, other participants of the society also have their own interests, each subject is in pursuit of their own interests often will lead to poverty ultimately difficult to achieve. Second, the government actively, ignores the power of the poor, have been passively accept poverty alleviation and let the poor have no endogenous impetus of poverty, lack of power to make it harder for the poor out of poverty, plus the mechanism is not sound is not perfect, low social participation, athletes and referees in a timely manner of government investment in high cost but gains. Third, by combining the actual situation, come up with some ideas for dealing with D town precise opinion suggestion for poverty alleviation. Town poverty alleviation work, I think that, D in making these interests participation main body meet their demands, on the basis of efforts to reach an agreement, achieve win-win or multi-win situation, changing the government-led subject position at the same time, introducing market mechanism, strengthen the power of the poor, improve poor endogenous power. It’s very important to let most poor people take part in getting out of the poverty.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2026-03-13
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2017-05-13
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