彩礼制度的社会功能变迁

The Evolution of the Social Functions of Betrothal Gifts

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作者:

王笑珂

导师:

庄晓华

导师单位:

行政法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

彩礼;社会功能;变迁;民间习俗

摘要:

彩礼植根于中国传统社会,是中国传统文化中不可或缺的重要内容。彩礼制度源远流长,经历从国家法到民间传统习俗再回到国家法的变革。不仅作为习俗流行于民间,而且在改革开放之后重新兴起。传统理论认为,彩礼是婚姻的价格并承担着补偿女方家庭劳动力损失的功能。在近现代以来的社会大变革时期,追求新思潮的社会精英全面批判彩礼制度,将彩礼视为等同于买卖婚姻。在彩礼受到全面抵制的情况之下,彩礼仍然坚强并顽固地流行于民间。在改革开放之后,彩礼制度重新兴起,彩礼承担着的社会功能也发生着变迁。这就是问题所在:主流的意识形态对于彩礼是批判、妥协或者默许的,并且这种思维仍然会持续下去。与之对立的是,随着社会发展,彩礼的纠纷越来越多,实践中此类纠纷并不能单靠一份判决解决,甚至判决本身并不合理。本文将结合相应的社会背景,在分析彩礼制度的基础上,详尽的叙述彩礼的社会功能变迁,以及是哪些因素促使彩礼社会功能的变迁。从而表明彩礼在民间社会存在的必要性以及需求性,展示彩礼的法律与社会价值,促进解决当下社会的彩礼纠纷,也为当下法律规制提供一定的参考意义。本文由引言、正文和结语组成。正文分为四大部分来论述彩礼制度的社会功能变迁。第一章对古代时期的彩礼制度与社会功能展开详细的阐述。首先主要阐述古代时期礼法并存之下的彩礼制度。彩礼不仅是传统婚嫁习俗,更是国家制度的一种。在古代时期,彩礼主要承担着婚约担保与财富转移的社会功能。这是由当时的社会背景以及经济政治文化等多方面因素决定的。第二章描述近现代时期彩礼制度与变化。近现代时期,主流的意识形态对于彩礼全面坚决抵制的,在新中国成立后更是将彩礼排除在国家法之外。通过描述彩礼在内容形式上变化,表现出彩礼在国家法抵制下的变通。展示彩礼在中国土地上的强大生命力。同时阐述彩礼在现代社会中的命运——从国家法中废除,法学界也忽视彩礼问题,使得彩礼面临四面楚歌的境地,为下文正确认识彩礼制度埋下伏笔。第三章阐述当代社会彩礼的现状与主要的社会功能。首先分析彩礼的现状,在分析现状的基础上引出彩礼在当代社会中的主要社会功能:成为新婚夫妇成立的小家庭的“储备金”与新婚夫妇分割家庭财产的手段。这些社会功能的变化与计划生育政策的推行、家庭规模的分化以及经济水平的发展都有着不可分割的联系。第四章是对前三章论述彩礼制度的社会功能变迁的启发与建议。首先明确彩礼制度在未来将会长期存在,并且指出彩礼制度的社会功能也发生变化。本文通过对彩礼制度的社会功能变迁进行探索,展示彩礼在当今社会的功能。笔者认为我们应该接纳与认可彩礼制度,不应该一味的批判与漠视,这样的逃避态度是解决不了司法实践中的诸多彩礼纠纷的案件。我们需要转变对待彩礼制度,应该用积极的态度去对待彩礼制度,要将民间习俗与国家法保持协调一致,这样才更有利于国家法的良性发展。

学科:

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

王笑珂. 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁[D]. 西南政法大学,.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 彩礼制度的社会功能变迁
  • dc.title
  • The Evolution of the Social Functions of Betrothal Gifts
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20160032021488
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 王笑珂
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法律硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 庄晓华
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 彩礼;社会功能;变迁;民间习俗
  • dc.subject
  • Betrothal Gifts; Social function; Change; Folk customs
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 彩礼植根于中国传统社会,是中国传统文化中不可或缺的重要内容。彩礼制度源远流长,经历从国家法到民间传统习俗再回到国家法的变革。不仅作为习俗流行于民间,而且在改革开放之后重新兴起。传统理论认为,彩礼是婚姻的价格并承担着补偿女方家庭劳动力损失的功能。在近现代以来的社会大变革时期,追求新思潮的社会精英全面批判彩礼制度,将彩礼视为等同于买卖婚姻。在彩礼受到全面抵制的情况之下,彩礼仍然坚强并顽固地流行于民间。在改革开放之后,彩礼制度重新兴起,彩礼承担着的社会功能也发生着变迁。这就是问题所在:主流的意识形态对于彩礼是批判、妥协或者默许的,并且这种思维仍然会持续下去。与之对立的是,随着社会发展,彩礼的纠纷越来越多,实践中此类纠纷并不能单靠一份判决解决,甚至判决本身并不合理。本文将结合相应的社会背景,在分析彩礼制度的基础上,详尽的叙述彩礼的社会功能变迁,以及是哪些因素促使彩礼社会功能的变迁。从而表明彩礼在民间社会存在的必要性以及需求性,展示彩礼的法律与社会价值,促进解决当下社会的彩礼纠纷,也为当下法律规制提供一定的参考意义。本文由引言、正文和结语组成。正文分为四大部分来论述彩礼制度的社会功能变迁。第一章对古代时期的彩礼制度与社会功能展开详细的阐述。首先主要阐述古代时期礼法并存之下的彩礼制度。彩礼不仅是传统婚嫁习俗,更是国家制度的一种。在古代时期,彩礼主要承担着婚约担保与财富转移的社会功能。这是由当时的社会背景以及经济政治文化等多方面因素决定的。第二章描述近现代时期彩礼制度与变化。近现代时期,主流的意识形态对于彩礼全面坚决抵制的,在新中国成立后更是将彩礼排除在国家法之外。通过描述彩礼在内容形式上变化,表现出彩礼在国家法抵制下的变通。展示彩礼在中国土地上的强大生命力。同时阐述彩礼在现代社会中的命运——从国家法中废除,法学界也忽视彩礼问题,使得彩礼面临四面楚歌的境地,为下文正确认识彩礼制度埋下伏笔。第三章阐述当代社会彩礼的现状与主要的社会功能。首先分析彩礼的现状,在分析现状的基础上引出彩礼在当代社会中的主要社会功能:成为新婚夫妇成立的小家庭的“储备金”与新婚夫妇分割家庭财产的手段。这些社会功能的变化与计划生育政策的推行、家庭规模的分化以及经济水平的发展都有着不可分割的联系。第四章是对前三章论述彩礼制度的社会功能变迁的启发与建议。首先明确彩礼制度在未来将会长期存在,并且指出彩礼制度的社会功能也发生变化。本文通过对彩礼制度的社会功能变迁进行探索,展示彩礼在当今社会的功能。笔者认为我们应该接纳与认可彩礼制度,不应该一味的批判与漠视,这样的逃避态度是解决不了司法实践中的诸多彩礼纠纷的案件。我们需要转变对待彩礼制度,应该用积极的态度去对待彩礼制度,要将民间习俗与国家法保持协调一致,这样才更有利于国家法的良性发展。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The Betrothal Gifts is rooted in traditional Chinese society, is an indispensable important content in Chinese traditional culture. The Betrothal Gifts has a long history, the experience from the national law to the traditional folk custom back to a state change. As a popular folk not only, and after the reform and opening up. Traditional theory holds that the bride is the price of marriage and bear the compensation her family labor loss function. In the period of social change since the modern times, the pursuit of new ideological trend of the social elite criticizes the dowry system comprehensively, the Betrothal Gifts as equivalent of mercenary marriage. Received comprehensive resistance in Betrothal Gifts, Betrothal Gifts still strong and stubbornly popular in folk. After reform and opening up, the re-emergence of the dowry system, Betrothal Gifts bear the social function and the change. That's the problem: the mainstream ideology is critical for the dowry, compromise or acquiescence, and this kind of thinking will still continue. Against it, along with the social development, more and more disputes the dowry, the practice of this kind of dispute is not a decision to solve alone, even the sentence itself is not reasonable. This article will combine the corresponding social background, on the basis of the analysis of the dowry system, detailed account of the social function of the bride price change, the changes of the social functions and what factors make the dowry. To show that Betrothal Gifts in the necessity of the civil society and demand, show the bride price law and the social value, promote the bride price of social disputes, also provide certain reference significance for the present legal regulation.This paper consists of introduction, text and epilogue. The text is divided into four most to discusses the social function of the dowry system change.The first chapter of the dowry system and social functions of ancient times. Mainly in this paper, the first period of ancient Confucianism coexist under the dowry system. Betrothal Gifts is not only a traditional marriage customs, but also a national institution. In ancient times, the bride is mainly bear the engagement guarantees and social functions of wealth transfer. This is by the then social background as well as the economic, political and cultural aspects of factors.The second chapter describes the dowry system and the modern period. Modern times, the mainstream ideology for the dowry comprehensive resolutely resist, after the founding of the people is the bride left out in the national law. By describing the dowry in content form change, show the bride price flexibility under the national law to boycott. Show Betrothal Gifts strong vitality on the land in China. At the same time in this paper, the bride price in destiny in the modern society, from the national law abolished, legal science also ignore the bride price problem, make the bride price embattled, to correctly understand the dowry system below the stage.The third chapter expounds the status quo of contemporary social bride price and the main social function. First analysis the present situation of the bride price, based on the analysis of the status quo of the dowry derivation in the main social function: in the contemporary society become newly-weds set up small family "reserves" and the couple split means of family property. These changes in social function and the implementation of family planning policy, family size, and the development of the economic level of differentiation are connected.The fourth chapter is about the first three chapter discusses the social function of the dowry system vicissitude of inspiration and the suggestion. First of all, clear the dowry system in the future will exist for a long time, and points out the social function of the dowry system is also changing. This article through to the dowry system to explore the social function of change, show the bride price in today's social function. The author thinks that we should embrace and recognize the dowry system, should not blindly criticism with indifference, the escape is not solve the many bride price dispute cases in the judicial practice. We need to shift to the dowry system, should use a positive attitude to treat the dowry system, folk custom to keep consistent with national law, so that more conducive to the healthy development of national law.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2018-05-13
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 引言1(一)研究目的1(二)研究意义1(三)研究创新2(四)研究方法5一、古代的彩礼制度及主要功能6(一)礼法结合下的彩礼制度6(二)古代彩礼制度的主要社会功能8二、近现代时期的彩礼制度与变化10(一)近代时期的彩礼制度10(二)现代时期彩礼制度的命运12三、当代社会彩礼的现状及主要功能14(一)当代社会彩礼的现状14(二)当代社会语境下彩礼的主要社会功能15(三)彩礼社会功能发生变迁的原因分析17四、由彩礼制度的社会功能变迁引发的启示19(一)彩礼将在未来长期存在19(二)正确认识彩礼制度,实现习惯法与国家法的良好互动21结语23参考文献24(一)著作类:24(二)期刊文献:25致谢26
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