高一涵的国家观念研究

Gao Yihan concept of national research

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作者:

章佳良

导师:

颜德如

学位:

硕士

语种:

其他

关键词:

高一涵;国家;国家主义;小己主义;自利利他

摘要:

内容摘要高一涵是新文化运动时期重要思想家,作为《甲寅月刊》、《新青年》、《每周评论》《努力周报》的重要撰稿人,他是思想启蒙阵营的代表性人物。《新青年》创刊伊始,众多编辑中除陈独秀外,他是发表文章最多、份量最重的。他所论及的有关现代国家观念、个人权利、法治、自由等,有着独到而深刻的理论建树,对于青年的启蒙和现实政治的发展具有积极的影响。高一涵的国家观念建立在对清末民初国家主义的反思上。清末以来,因强烈外在压力的逼迫,传统的天下主义崩解,国人乃对外部世界而知有国家,认识到民族国家与封建王朝的区别,深切感受到国家存亡对于个体、对于文化的意义,国人迫切要求建立繁荣、富强的现代国家,故清末民初的思想界有着比较明显的国家主义倾向。新文化运动时期,章士钊、高一涵等人反思国家主义,重新思考国家与个人之间关系,试图激发个人权利的自觉。高一涵早年留学日本,接受了西方政治思想的系统教育,面对国内的国家主义倾向,他初步形成对现代国家的理解,认为“国家非人生之归宿”,坚持“国家主权在民”、国家在于保护个人权利的观点,致力于打破“国家神圣、理不可亵”的神话;思考国家的起源和目的,认同卢梭提出的社会契约论;探讨国家和个人的正当关系,认为“国家者建筑于人民权利之上”;批判以扩张国权为借口实行专制统治,为国家权力划定界限,强调国家的职务在于服务人民。他的个人主义思想建立在反对“慈惠主义”和“牺牲主义”基础上,认为个人应争取自身所拥有的正当权利,他的目标是通过“自利利他主义”化解个人利益和社会利益冲突,进而主张个人自由权利。对于共和国家的构建,从制度建设上,高一涵提出了“调和立国论”、“联邦建国论”的具体主张,从精神改造上,他寄希望于青年群体肩负起建设共和国家的重任,建议青年要“练志”、“练胆”和“练识”。1930年后,高一涵逐渐淡出人们的视野,但他对共和国家的理论构建,对国家观念的思想启蒙,使其成为传播现代国家理念的重任。高一涵积极致力于新文化运动的建设,建构起现代国家的理论,提出建立现代国家的主张,这不仅奠定了他在五四新文化运动的重要地位,也提升了整个新文化运动的理论层次。

学科:

政治学

提交日期

2019-04-11

引用参考

章佳良. 高一涵的国家观念研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2018.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 高一涵的国家观念研究
  • dc.title
  • Gao Yihan concept of national research
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20150302001031
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 章佳良
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 政治与公共管理学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2018
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 颜德如
  • dc.language.iso
  • 其他
  • dc.subject
  • 高一涵;国家;国家主义;小己主义;自利利他
  • dc.subject
  • Gao Yihan; state; nationalism; minorism; self-liberalism
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 内容摘要高一涵是新文化运动时期重要思想家,作为《甲寅月刊》、《新青年》、《每周评论》《努力周报》的重要撰稿人,他是思想启蒙阵营的代表性人物。《新青年》创刊伊始,众多编辑中除陈独秀外,他是发表文章最多、份量最重的。他所论及的有关现代国家观念、个人权利、法治、自由等,有着独到而深刻的理论建树,对于青年的启蒙和现实政治的发展具有积极的影响。高一涵的国家观念建立在对清末民初国家主义的反思上。清末以来,因强烈外在压力的逼迫,传统的天下主义崩解,国人乃对外部世界而知有国家,认识到民族国家与封建王朝的区别,深切感受到国家存亡对于个体、对于文化的意义,国人迫切要求建立繁荣、富强的现代国家,故清末民初的思想界有着比较明显的国家主义倾向。新文化运动时期,章士钊、高一涵等人反思国家主义,重新思考国家与个人之间关系,试图激发个人权利的自觉。高一涵早年留学日本,接受了西方政治思想的系统教育,面对国内的国家主义倾向,他初步形成对现代国家的理解,认为“国家非人生之归宿”,坚持“国家主权在民”、国家在于保护个人权利的观点,致力于打破“国家神圣、理不可亵”的神话;思考国家的起源和目的,认同卢梭提出的社会契约论;探讨国家和个人的正当关系,认为“国家者建筑于人民权利之上”;批判以扩张国权为借口实行专制统治,为国家权力划定界限,强调国家的职务在于服务人民。他的个人主义思想建立在反对“慈惠主义”和“牺牲主义”基础上,认为个人应争取自身所拥有的正当权利,他的目标是通过“自利利他主义”化解个人利益和社会利益冲突,进而主张个人自由权利。对于共和国家的构建,从制度建设上,高一涵提出了“调和立国论”、“联邦建国论”的具体主张,从精神改造上,他寄希望于青年群体肩负起建设共和国家的重任,建议青年要“练志”、“练胆”和“练识”。1930年后,高一涵逐渐淡出人们的视野,但他对共和国家的理论构建,对国家观念的思想启蒙,使其成为传播现代国家理念的重任。高一涵积极致力于新文化运动的建设,建构起现代国家的理论,提出建立现代国家的主张,这不仅奠定了他在五四新文化运动的重要地位,也提升了整个新文化运动的理论层次。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • AbstractGao Yihan is an important thinker during the New Culture Movement. He is an important writer for the "Hypergallery Monthly", "New Youth", "Weekly Review" and "Effort Weekly". He is a representative figure of the Enlightenment camp. At the beginning of the publication of The New Youth, except for Chen Duxiu, many editors published the most articles and had the most weight. What he talked about is about the concept of modern state, individual rights, the rule of law, and freedom. It has unique and profound theoretical achievements, and has a positive influence on the enlightenment of young people and the development of real politics.Gao Yihan's national concept is based on the reflection on nationalism in the late Qing and early Republic of China. Since the end of the Qing dynasty, due to the pressure of strong external pressure and the collapse of traditional territorialism, the people of the state have known the state to the outside world, recognized the difference between nation-states and feudal dynasties, and deeply felt the significance of national survival for individuals and culture. The Chinese people urgently demand the establishment of a prosperous, prosperous, modern state. Therefore, the ideological circles in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China had a clear tendency toward nationalism. In the period of the New Culture Movement, Zhang Shizhao, Gao Yihan and others rethought nationalism, rethought the relationship between the state and the individual, and tried to stimulate self-consciousness of individual rights.Gao Yihan studied in Japan in the early years and received systematic education in western political thought. In the face of domestic nationalism tendencies, he initially formed an understanding of modern countries, saying that "the state is not the destination of human life," insisting that "national sovereignty is in the people" and the state is The idea of protecting individual rights is devoted to breaking the myth of "the state is sacred and irreligible"; thinking about the origin and purpose of the state; agreeing with Rousseau's proposed social contract theory; and exploring the legitimate relationship between the state and the individual, arguing that "the nation is built on the people "On the basis of rights," the critique uses dictatorial rule under the pretext of expanding national power, sets boundaries for state power, and emphasizes that the state's position is to serve the people. His individualistic ideas are based on the opposition to “philanthropy” and “sacrifice”, and he believes that individuals should strive for their own legitimate rights. His goal is to resolve personal interests and social conflicts of interest through “self-alliticism”. , and then advocate the right to personal freedom.Regarding the construction of the Republican House, from the perspective of institution building, Gao Yihan put forward the concrete ideas of “reconciling the theory of the state” and “theory of the founding of the federal state.” From the spiritual transformation, he hopes that the young people shoulder the heavy responsibility of building a republic and recommend youth. It is necessary to "learn", "to practice courage" and "to practice knowledge."After 1930, Gao Yihan gradually faded out of people's horizons. However, his theoretical construction of the Republican family and the enlightenment of the idea of ??the state made it an important task in spreading the concept of a modern state. Gao Yihan actively devoted himself to the construction of the New Culture Movement, constructed the theory of the modern state, and proposed the idea of establishing a modern state. This not only established his important position in the May Fourth New Culture Movement, but also raised the theoretical level of the entire New Culture Movement.
  • dc.subject.discipline
  • D
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2018-05-19
  • dc.relation.relatedpublications
  • 目 录导 论1一、清末民初国家主义的发展历程9(一)晚清时期国家观念的产生:从天下到国家9(二)民初国家主义的发展10(三)新文化运动时期对国家主义的批评与反思13二、国家观念的主要内容16(一)现代国家观念16(二)国家下的个人——“小己主义”24三、共和国家构建的方案探索29(一)调和立国论29(二)联邦立国论32(三)共和国家青年自觉之道35四、对高一涵国家观念的评价37(一)全面而具有学理性认识的国家观37(二)兼收并蓄地吸收中西政治思想39(三)紧跟现代政治发展的潮流40参考文献42致 谢42
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