从概念逻辑到目的价值——耶林的法思想转向研究

From Conceptual Logic to Purpose Value——A Research on Jhering's Legal Ideological Turning

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归属院系:

行政法学院

作者:

黄熙翔

导师:

雷勇

导师单位:

行政法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

耶林;概念法学;目的法学;思想转向

摘要:

耶林被誉为继萨维尼之后最具世界影响力的德国法学家,其思想对后世的法学理论影响深远。在19世纪德国概念法学盛行的年代,耶林毅然将社会事物及需求注入法律体系之中,成功地触发法学界重新思考法律在社会及法哲学上的任务。但曾经作为概念法学的追随者,耶林将从萨维尼、普赫塔处继承的概念法学发展到极致,亦即耶林在《在其不同发展阶段中之罗马法精神》第2卷中提及的“自然历史的方法”。耶林认为透过该方法,可以实现从“较低层次的法学”到“较高层次的法学”的提升,也就是对法律素材或法律条文先分析,再综合,最后作体系分类的过程。因此,作为法律实体的条文与原则最终得以变成具有生命力的“法律身体”或“法律体系”。经过这种“法律技术”构建而成的法学体系则是实证法律素材最完美的形式,而且是新素材永不枯竭的来源。迫使耶林从建构完美的法学体系之幻想中醒来的原因是源于耶林对一个“一物二卖”案件的处理,该案使耶林遭遇了思想上的“大马士革经历”。耶林从而意识到,对概念逻辑的盲目适用无法解决社会生活中的实际法律问题。这种由概念法学导致的自我生产的图像意味着法学家对法律创造的垄断,并且使得法学形式主义走向极端的道路,而因此造成的最严重问题必将是法律与社会的割裂。耶林在其1884年的著作《法学的戏谑与严肃》中公开嘲讽了概念法学,并举出很多例子证明这种法律技术建构的结果对实践毫无用处,而且经常有悖于人类正常的理解力。最终,耶林在法条的“目的”因素中找到了正确的出路:法律的本质不在于得到所谓法律数学演绎的精准结果,而在于目的作为整体法律的创造者引导着法律的走向。基于此,耶林放弃了《罗马法之精神》一书的写作转而开启了《法律中的目的》的篇章。他的法学思想也从法学形式主义转向法学实用主义,并提出将法律与社会重新连结的任务。期间,耶林在维也纳法学会发表了其最具影响力的演讲《为权利而斗争》作为前后期思想的衔接,紧接着在1884年发表了《为权利而斗争》的姊妹篇《论法权感的起源》作为其后期思想的补充。最终确定了以“法感”防止不适当的概念推论,以“目的”对法律原则作正确的界定之基本立场。于此,耶林重新衔接了法律与社会之间的沟通与互动。

学科:

法学理论

提交日期

2022-06-17

引用参考

黄熙翔. 从概念逻辑到目的价值——耶林的法思想转向研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2022.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 从概念逻辑到目的价值——耶林的法思想转向研究
  • dc.title
  • From Conceptual Logic to Purpose Value——A Research on Jhering's Legal Ideological Turning
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20190301010088
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 黄熙翔
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士学位
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2022
  • dc.contributor.direction
  • 西方法理学
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 雷勇
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 行政法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 耶林,概念法学,目的法学,思想转向
  • dc.subject
  • Jhering; Conceptual jurisprudence; Purposeful jurisprudence; Ideological Turning
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 耶林被誉为继萨维尼之后最具世界影响力的德国法学家,其思想对后世的法学理论影响深远。在19世纪德国概念法学盛行的年代,耶林毅然将社会事物及需求注入法律体系之中,成功地触发法学界重新思考法律在社会及法哲学上的任务。但曾经作为概念法学的追随者,耶林将从萨维尼、普赫塔处继承的概念法学发展到极致,亦即耶林在《在其不同发展阶段中之罗马法精神》第2卷中提及的“自然历史的方法”。耶林认为透过该方法,可以实现从“较低层次的法学”到“较高层次的法学”的提升,也就是对法律素材或法律条文先分析,再综合,最后作体系分类的过程。因此,作为法律实体的条文与原则最终得以变成具有生命力的“法律身体”或“法律体系”。经过这种“法律技术”构建而成的法学体系则是实证法律素材最完美的形式,而且是新素材永不枯竭的来源。迫使耶林从建构完美的法学体系之幻想中醒来的原因是源于耶林对一个“一物二卖”案件的处理,该案使耶林遭遇了思想上的“大马士革经历”。耶林从而意识到,对概念逻辑的盲目适用无法解决社会生活中的实际法律问题。这种由概念法学导致的自我生产的图像意味着法学家对法律创造的垄断,并且使得法学形式主义走向极端的道路,而因此造成的最严重问题必将是法律与社会的割裂。耶林在其1884年的著作《法学的戏谑与严肃》中公开嘲讽了概念法学,并举出很多例子证明这种法律技术建构的结果对实践毫无用处,而且经常有悖于人类正常的理解力。最终,耶林在法条的“目的”因素中找到了正确的出路:法律的本质不在于得到所谓法律数学演绎的精准结果,而在于目的作为整体法律的创造者引导着法律的走向。基于此,耶林放弃了《罗马法之精神》一书的写作转而开启了《法律中的目的》的篇章。他的法学思想也从法学形式主义转向法学实用主义,并提出将法律与社会重新连结的任务。期间,耶林在维也纳法学会发表了其最具影响力的演讲《为权利而斗争》作为前后期思想的衔接,紧接着在1884年发表了《为权利而斗争》的姊妹篇《论法权感的起源》作为其后期思想的补充。最终确定了以“法感”防止不适当的概念推论,以“目的”对法律原则作正确的界定之基本立场。于此,耶林重新衔接了法律与社会之间的沟通与互动。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Rudolf von Jhering is regarded as the most influential German jurist after Savigny, whose thought has a profound influence on the legal theory of later ages. In the era of the German concept law, Rudolf von Jhering put social things and needs into the legal system, and successfully caused the legal circle to rethink the task of law in the social and legal philosophy. But as a former follower of the concept of law, Rudolf von Jhering will inherit from Savigny, the concept of law to the extreme, that is, the “Natural-historical approach” described by Rudolf von Jhering in book 2 of the spirit of Roman law in its various stages of development. Rudolf von Jhering thought that through this method of jurisprudence, we can realize the promotion from “Lower level jurisprudence” to “Higher level jurisprudence”, that is, to analyze and synthesize legal materials or legal provisions first, the process of finally categorizing the system. Therefore, as a legal entity, the articles and principles can finally become a living “Legal body” or “Legal system”. The legal science system constructed by this “Legal technology” is the most perfect form of positive legal material and the source of new material.What forced Rudolf von Jhering to wake up from his fantasy of a perfect legal system was Rudolf von Jhering’s handling of a “Two for one” case that exposed Rudolf von Jhering to the intellectual “Damascus experience”. Rudolf von Jhering thus realized that the blind application of conceptual logic could not solve practical legal problems in social life. This self-producing image caused by the conceptual jurisprudence means that jurists have a monopoly on the creation of the law, and it makes the formalism go to the extreme, therefore, the most serious problem will be the separation of law and society. In his 1884 book the jest and solemnity of jurisprudence, Rudolf von Jhering openly ridiculed the concept of law and offered numerous examples of how the results of this construction of legal technology were of no use to practice, and often goes against the normal human understanding. In the end, Rudolf von Jhering found the right way out in the “Purpose” factor of the law: the essence of law is not to obtain the precise result of the so-called mathematical deduction of law, the goal, as the creator of the whole law, guides the direction of the law.For this reason, Rudolf von Jhering abandoned the spirit of Roman law in favour of purpose in law. His thought of Law also changed from law formalism to law pragmatism, and proposed the task of reconnecting law and society. During this period, Rudolf von Jhering gave his most influential speech, the struggle for rights, at the Vienna Society of law, as a bridge between his earlier and later ideas, then, in 1884, he published a companion piece to the struggle for rights, on the origin of the sense of legal power, as a supplement to his later thoughts. Finally, the basic position of “Legal sense” to prevent improper concept inference and “Purpose” to correctly define legal principle is determined. In doing so, Rudolf von Jhering reconnects law and society.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2022-06-12
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2022-05-28
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