劳动者隐私权保护法律问题研究

Research on Legal Issues of Laborer's Privacy Protection

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作者:

黄巧

导师:

李满奎

导师单位:

经济法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

隐私权;劳动者;用人单位知情权;法律保护

摘要:

2021年1月1日施行的《民法典》人格权编首次对自然人隐私权的内涵作出界定,并通过反面列举的方式,对侵害隐私权的各种典型方式做出了规定,反映出人们对隐私权保护的强烈需求。着眼于劳动关系领域,劳动者保护隐私的意识也在日益提高,但长期以来我国的劳动立法重点在于保护劳动者的经济权益和他们的物质性人格权, 例如生命权、健康权等,而对劳动者精神层面权益的保护似嫌不足,使得用人单位侵犯劳动者隐私权的事件屡见不鲜。保护劳动者隐私权符合劳动者在工作场所中对人格尊严的追求,有利于提高他们的工作信心,促进劳动关系的和谐稳定。《民法典》已经对自然人的隐私权保护做了专章规定,那么劳动法领域应当加快完善对劳动者隐私权的特别保护。所以,本文结合《民法典》中一般隐私权的保护规定分析了劳动者隐私权的特殊之处以及劳动者隐私权保护的法律规范现状,从法规层面提出了完善劳动者隐私权保护的对策。本文第一部分在深入探讨一般隐私权的概念、劳动者隐私权的内涵的基础上,根据《民法典》的规定阐述了劳动者隐私权与一般隐私权在保护主体、保护时间和空间、保护范围三个方面的特殊之处,并从人权保护、宪法基本权利保护、劳动法人格保护三个层面分析劳动者隐私权立法保障的理论基础,从而进一步明确了保障保护劳动者隐私权的重要性。接着第二部分介绍了用人单位知情权的基本含义以及劳动者隐私权与用人单位知情权在三个时间阶段内发生冲突的具体类型。本文在第三部分从我国《民法典》和劳动立法两个方面分别说明了劳动者隐私权保障的法律规范现状以及不足,归纳出劳动者隐私权的保护范围模糊、保障劳动者隐私权的法律原则缺失、法律救济途径不完善等问题。第四部分结合民法以及劳动法领域的法律规范现状,有针对性的提出了几点完善建议。比如确立利益衡量原则、程序及合意原则等作为劳动者隐私权保护的指导原则;从《民法典》规定的隐私权内涵出发进一步落实劳动者隐私权的保护范围,尤其是对劳动者私人生活安宁的范围确定;在完善法律救济途径上,从集体权利层面强调发挥工会的内部救济功能以及完善民事诉讼、仲裁等外部救济手段。以期帮助广大劳动者、用人单位准确、完整地理解隐私权的相关规定,建设和谐的劳动关系。

学科:

经济法学

提交日期

2022-06-18

引用参考

黄巧. 劳动者隐私权保护法律问题研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2022.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • 劳动者隐私权保护法律问题研究
  • dc.title
  • Research on Legal Issues of Laborer's Privacy Protection
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20190301070575
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 黄巧
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 经济法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士学位
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2022
  • dc.contributor.direction
  • 社会法
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 李满奎
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 经济法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • 隐私权,劳动者,用人单位知情权,法律保护
  • dc.subject
  • Privacy Rights; Worker; Right To Know; Legal Protection
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 2021年1月1日施行的《民法典》人格权编首次对自然人隐私权的内涵作出界定,并通过反面列举的方式,对侵害隐私权的各种典型方式做出了规定,反映出人们对隐私权保护的强烈需求。着眼于劳动关系领域,劳动者保护隐私的意识也在日益提高,但长期以来我国的劳动立法重点在于保护劳动者的经济权益和他们的物质性人格权, 例如生命权、健康权等,而对劳动者精神层面权益的保护似嫌不足,使得用人单位侵犯劳动者隐私权的事件屡见不鲜。保护劳动者隐私权符合劳动者在工作场所中对人格尊严的追求,有利于提高他们的工作信心,促进劳动关系的和谐稳定。《民法典》已经对自然人的隐私权保护做了专章规定,那么劳动法领域应当加快完善对劳动者隐私权的特别保护。所以,本文结合《民法典》中一般隐私权的保护规定分析了劳动者隐私权的特殊之处以及劳动者隐私权保护的法律规范现状,从法规层面提出了完善劳动者隐私权保护的对策。本文第一部分在深入探讨一般隐私权的概念、劳动者隐私权的内涵的基础上,根据《民法典》的规定阐述了劳动者隐私权与一般隐私权在保护主体、保护时间和空间、保护范围三个方面的特殊之处,并从人权保护、宪法基本权利保护、劳动法人格保护三个层面分析劳动者隐私权立法保障的理论基础,从而进一步明确了保障保护劳动者隐私权的重要性。接着第二部分介绍了用人单位知情权的基本含义以及劳动者隐私权与用人单位知情权在三个时间阶段内发生冲突的具体类型。本文在第三部分从我国《民法典》和劳动立法两个方面分别说明了劳动者隐私权保障的法律规范现状以及不足,归纳出劳动者隐私权的保护范围模糊、保障劳动者隐私权的法律原则缺失、法律救济途径不完善等问题。第四部分结合民法以及劳动法领域的法律规范现状,有针对性的提出了几点完善建议。比如确立利益衡量原则、程序及合意原则等作为劳动者隐私权保护的指导原则;从《民法典》规定的隐私权内涵出发进一步落实劳动者隐私权的保护范围,尤其是对劳动者私人生活安宁的范围确定;在完善法律救济途径上,从集体权利层面强调发挥工会的内部救济功能以及完善民事诉讼、仲裁等外部救济手段。以期帮助广大劳动者、用人单位准确、完整地理解隐私权的相关规定,建设和谐的劳动关系。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • The personality right compilation of the Civil Code, which came into force on January 1,2021, for the first time defines the connotation of a natural person's privacy right, and stipulates various typical ways of infringement on privacy rights by means of negative listing. It reflects people's strong demand for the protection of privacy rights. In the field of labor relations, workers' awareness of privacy rights protection is also increasing. For a long time, China's labor legislation only focuses on the protection of workers' economic rights and interests, the right to life, the health to health and other material personality rights, while the care for their spiritual and personality interests seems to be insufficient, resulting in the frequent occurrence of employers violating workers' privacy rights. Protecting workers' privacy rights is in line with workers' pursuit of personal dignity in the workplace, and is conducive to improving their confidence at work and promoting a harmonious and stable labor relationship. The "Civil Code" has made a special chapter on the protection of the privacy rights of natural persons, so the field of labor law should speed up the improvement of the special protection of laborers' privacy rights. Therefore, the main content of this paper is to combine the privacy protection provisions of the Civil Code, the uniqueness of laborers' privacy rights and the legislative status quo of laborer's privacy rights protection, and propose countermeasures for the protection of laborers' privacy rights at the legislative level.In the first part of this paper, on the basis of discussing the concept of privacy right and the definition of workers' privacy right, combining with the provisions of the Civil Code, the particularity of workers' privacy right and general privacy right in three aspects of subject, protection time and space, and protection scope is expounded. It also analyzes the theoretical basis of legal protection of workers' right of privacy from three aspects of human rights protection, basic rights protection of constitution and personality protection of labor law, and then emphasizes the necessity of protecting workers' right of privacy. Then the second part elaborates the connotation of employer's right to know and the specific types of conflict between employee's right of privacy and employer's right to know in three time ranges. In the third part of the paper, from the two aspects of China's civil code and labor legislation, the legislative status and shortcomings of the protection of workers' right to privacy, summed up the fuzzy scope of protection of workers' right to privacy, the lack of legal principles for the protection of workers' right to privacy, the imperfect way of legal relief and other problems. The fourth part puts forward some pertinent suggestions for improvement in combination with the relevant legislation in the field of civil law and the current legislation in the field of labor law. For example, the principle of interest measurement, procedure and consent should be established as the guiding principle of the protection of workers' right to privacy. Proceeding from the connotation of the right to privacy stipulated in the Civil Code, the protection scope of the right to privacy of laborers is further implemented, especially the determination of the scope of the laborers' private life peace. In order to improve the legal remedy, the internal remedy function of trade union should be brought into play and external remedy means such as civil lawsuit and arbitration should be perfected from the perspective of collective rights. In order to help the majority of workers, employers accurately and completely understand the relevant provisions of privacy, to build a harmonious labor relationship.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2022-06-12
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2022-05-29
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