CPTPP环境条款研究

Research on Environmental Provisions of CPTPPT

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归属院系:

国际法学院

作者:

黄蔼贤

导师:

张晓君

导师单位:

国际法学院

学位:

硕士

语种:

中文

关键词:

CPTPP, 环境条款, 文本研究, 环境与贸易

摘要:

环境保护自20世纪六七十年代以来持续成为国际社会的热点问题,在国际关系中的分量日益加重。环境问题的核心是如何协调自由贸易与环境保护的问题,亟需通过贸易协定进行行为规范和价值引领。世界贸易组织管理下的多边贸易体制即使意欲处理环境问题,但是限于成员方利益很难调和,许多环境事项谈判步履艰难。相比之下,自由贸易协定(FTAs)在应对环境问题上更具有其优势,环境条款纳入其中的做法蔚然成风。《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(CPTPP)是一个开放程度高、涵盖领域广的FTA,更是目前全球高环境标准贸易协定的主要代表。CPTPP环境条款以环境专章的形式为主,涵盖综合概述条款、环境义务专项条款、环境措施例外条款、保证措施条款、合作机制条款、争端解决条款等多种类型,既涉及臭氧层保护、外来入侵物种、海洋捕捞渔业等具体环境议题的实体性规则,也对国内环境法律监督、信息公开、公众参与、自愿性机制以及环境争端解决等程序性事项作出规定。中国已经正式提出申请加入CPTPP,对该贸易协定的环境条款进行研究,有助于更好地发掘其规则特点,实现我国配套机制与高标准环境规则的顺利对接,并为我国积极参与全球生态环境治理提供新思路。本文将从以下四个部分对CPTPP环境条款进行研究,分述如下:第一部分即第一章对CPTPP环境条款的概述进行介绍。首先从环境条款的概念入手,通过分析环境与贸易该对范畴的复杂关系,阐明环境条款的价值,提出贸易协定中的环境条款是解决环境问题行之有效的手段。其次围绕多边贸易体制环境议题谈判的困境、区域贸易协定嵌入环境条款的优势、协定成员各方的考量等三个维度明确CPTPP环境条款的纳入背景。最后分析CPTPP环境条款于协定文本的若干定位,并介绍CPTPP所涵盖的环境条款类型即综合概述条款、实体义务条款与程序机制条款。第二部分是本文的重点部分,旨在对CPTPP环境条款进行文本分析,解构其规则内容。其中第二章依循综合概述条款于CPTPP文本所在定位的不同,分别对序言与环境专章中的综合概述条款进行分析解构;第三章依循规制对象的不同,分别对实体义务条款的环境义务专项条款与环境措施例外条款进行分析解构;第四章依循所涉领域的不同,分别对程序机制条款的保证措施条款、合作机制条款、争端解决条款进行分析解构。第三部分即第五章就CPTPP环境条款与《美墨加协定》、《欧加全面经贸协定》、《中欧全面投资协定》、《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》的相关环境条款进行横向对比,介绍诸多典型FTAs环境条款的异同点,探讨CPTPP环境条款的优劣势。具体而言,本部分对其他典型FTAs中环境条款进行简要介绍,而后就环境保护水平高度将CPTPP与USMCA进行比对,就环境争端解决机制约束力度将CPTPP与CETA进行比对。第四部分即第六章立足我国现状,阐述我国对CPTPP环境条款的因应之策。首先,在对我国FTAs中环境条款的现状进行梳理总结之后,揭示存在的问题与症结之所在。其次,立足我国的环境政策导向与相关立法体制,在加入CPTPP的环境问题上进行差距检视。最后,基于以上两个视角的检视比对,结合CPTPP环境条款的有益经验,有针对性地提出我国加入CPTPP在环境问题上的策略和建议。

学科:

国际法学

提交日期

2023-06-19

引用参考

黄蔼贤. CPTPP环境条款研究[D]. 西南政法大学,2023.

全文附件授权许可

知识共享许可协议-署名

  • dc.title
  • CPTPP环境条款研究
  • dc.title
  • Research on Environmental Provisions of CPTPPT
  • dc.contributor.schoolno
  • 20200301090721
  • dc.contributor.author
  • 黄蔼贤
  • dc.contributor.affiliation
  • 国际法学院
  • dc.contributor.degree
  • 硕士
  • dc.contributor.childdegree
  • 法学硕士学位
  • dc.contributor.degreeConferringInstitution
  • 西南政法大学
  • dc.identifier.year
  • 2023
  • dc.contributor.direction
  • 国际经济法
  • dc.contributor.advisor
  • 张晓君
  • dc.contributor.advisorAffiliation
  • 国际法学院
  • dc.language.iso
  • 中文
  • dc.subject
  • CPTPP,环境条款,文本研究,环境与贸易
  • dc.subject
  • CPTPP; Environmental Provisions; Textual Research; Environment and Trade
  • dc.description.abstract
  • 环境保护自20世纪六七十年代以来持续成为国际社会的热点问题,在国际关系中的分量日益加重。环境问题的核心是如何协调自由贸易与环境保护的问题,亟需通过贸易协定进行行为规范和价值引领。世界贸易组织管理下的多边贸易体制即使意欲处理环境问题,但是限于成员方利益很难调和,许多环境事项谈判步履艰难。相比之下,自由贸易协定(FTAs)在应对环境问题上更具有其优势,环境条款纳入其中的做法蔚然成风。《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(CPTPP)是一个开放程度高、涵盖领域广的FTA,更是目前全球高环境标准贸易协定的主要代表。CPTPP环境条款以环境专章的形式为主,涵盖综合概述条款、环境义务专项条款、环境措施例外条款、保证措施条款、合作机制条款、争端解决条款等多种类型,既涉及臭氧层保护、外来入侵物种、海洋捕捞渔业等具体环境议题的实体性规则,也对国内环境法律监督、信息公开、公众参与、自愿性机制以及环境争端解决等程序性事项作出规定。中国已经正式提出申请加入CPTPP,对该贸易协定的环境条款进行研究,有助于更好地发掘其规则特点,实现我国配套机制与高标准环境规则的顺利对接,并为我国积极参与全球生态环境治理提供新思路。本文将从以下四个部分对CPTPP环境条款进行研究,分述如下:第一部分即第一章对CPTPP环境条款的概述进行介绍。首先从环境条款的概念入手,通过分析环境与贸易该对范畴的复杂关系,阐明环境条款的价值,提出贸易协定中的环境条款是解决环境问题行之有效的手段。其次围绕多边贸易体制环境议题谈判的困境、区域贸易协定嵌入环境条款的优势、协定成员各方的考量等三个维度明确CPTPP环境条款的纳入背景。最后分析CPTPP环境条款于协定文本的若干定位,并介绍CPTPP所涵盖的环境条款类型即综合概述条款、实体义务条款与程序机制条款。第二部分是本文的重点部分,旨在对CPTPP环境条款进行文本分析,解构其规则内容。其中第二章依循综合概述条款于CPTPP文本所在定位的不同,分别对序言与环境专章中的综合概述条款进行分析解构;第三章依循规制对象的不同,分别对实体义务条款的环境义务专项条款与环境措施例外条款进行分析解构;第四章依循所涉领域的不同,分别对程序机制条款的保证措施条款、合作机制条款、争端解决条款进行分析解构。第三部分即第五章就CPTPP环境条款与《美墨加协定》、《欧加全面经贸协定》、《中欧全面投资协定》、《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》的相关环境条款进行横向对比,介绍诸多典型FTAs环境条款的异同点,探讨CPTPP环境条款的优劣势。具体而言,本部分对其他典型FTAs中环境条款进行简要介绍,而后就环境保护水平高度将CPTPP与USMCA进行比对,就环境争端解决机制约束力度将CPTPP与CETA进行比对。第四部分即第六章立足我国现状,阐述我国对CPTPP环境条款的因应之策。首先,在对我国FTAs中环境条款的现状进行梳理总结之后,揭示存在的问题与症结之所在。其次,立足我国的环境政策导向与相关立法体制,在加入CPTPP的环境问题上进行差距检视。最后,基于以上两个视角的检视比对,结合CPTPP环境条款的有益经验,有针对性地提出我国加入CPTPP在环境问题上的策略和建议。
  • dc.description.abstract
  • Environmental protection has been a hot issue in the international community since the 1960s and 1970s, and its weight has been increasing in international relations. The core of environmental problems is how to coordinate free trade and environmental protection, which needs to be guided by norms and values through trade agreements. Although the multilateral trade system managed by the World Trade Organization (WTO) intends to solve environmental problems, it is difficult to reconcile the interests of its members and make progress in negotiations on many environmental matters. Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), by contrast, are more advantageous in dealing with environmental problems, and the inclusion of environmental provisions has become a common practice. The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is an FTA with a high degree of openness and covers a wide range of fields. It is also the main representative of the trade agreement with high environmental standards in the world. The environmental provisions of CPTPP are mainly in the form of special environmental chapters, covering various types, such as comprehensive overview terms, special environmental obligation terms, environmental measures exception terms, guarantee measures terms, cooperation mechanism terms, dispute settlement terms and so on. They not only involve the substantive rules of specific environmental issues, such as protection ozone layer, invasive alien species, marine capture fisheries. They also provides for procedural matters such as supervision of domestic environmental laws, disclosure of information, public participation, voluntary mechanisms and settlement of environmental disputes. China has formally applied to join the CPTPP. Studying the environmental provisions of this FTA will help to better explore the characteristics of its rules, realize the smooth docking of China's supporting mechanisms and high-standard environmental provisions, and provide new ideas for China to actively participate in global ecological and environmental governance.This paper will study the environmental provisions of the CPTPP from the following four parts, points mentioned below:In the first part, also the Chapter One, an overview of the environmental provisions of the CPTPP is introduced. Starting with the concept of environmental provisions, this part expounds the value of environmental provisions by analyzing the complex relationship between environment and trade, and proposes that environmental provisions in trade agreements are effective means to solve environmental problems. Secondly, the background of the inclusion of environmental provisions in the CPTPP is clearly defined from three dimensions: the dilemma of the negotiations on environmental issues in the multilateral trade system, the advantages of embedding environmental provisions in regional trade agreements, and the considerations of the members. Finally, this part analyzes the positioning of environmental provisions in the text of CPTPP, and introduces the types of environmental provisions of CPTPP, namely comprehensive overview terms, Substantive obligations terms and procedural mechanisms terms.The second part is the key part of this paper, aiming at textual analysis of CPTPP environmental provisions, deconstructing the content of its rules. In the Chapter Two, the comprehensive overview terms in the environmental chapter and the preface, according to the different positioning in the CPTPP text, are analyzed and deconstructed respectively. The Chapter Three analyzes and deconstructs the special environmental obligation terms and the environmental measures exception terms respectively according to the different object of regulation. Chapter Four analyzes and deconstructs guarantee measures terms, cooperation mechanism terms, dispute settlement terms according to the different fields involved.The third part, the Chapter Five, makes horizontal comparison between the environmental provisions of the CPTPP and those of the United States -Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), the Europe-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), the China- Europe Comprehensive Agreement on Investment and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement. And introduces the differences and similarities of many typical FTAs' environmental provisions, and explore the advantages and disadvantages of CPTPP environmental provisions. Specifically, this part briefly introduces the environmental provisions in other typical FTAs, and then compares CPTPP with USMCA in terms of the level of environmental protection, and CPTPP with CETA in terms of the constraint strength of the environmental dispute settlement mechanism.The fourth part, namely the Chapter Six, based on the current situation of our country, elaborated on our country's countermeasures to the environmental provisions of CPTPP. Firstly, after combing and summarizing the current situation of environmental provisions in FTAs in our country, the existing problems and crux are revealed. Secondly, based on the environmental policy orientation and relevant legislative system, the gap inspection on the environmental issues of joining CPTPP is carried out. Finally, based on the comparison of the above two perspectives, and combined with the beneficial experience of the CPTPP environmental provisions, the author puts forward targeted strategies and suggestions on the environmental issues of our docking of the CPTPP.
  • dc.date.issued
  • 2023-06-12
  • dc.date.oralDefense
  • 2023-06-02
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