归属院系：

人权研究院（人权学院）

作者：

LEKA RAMAZAN

导师：

张永和

导师单位：

人权研究院（人权学院）

学位：

博士

语种：

英文

关键词：

Human Rights, Albania, Protection, Promotion, Legal Reforms

摘要：

本研究聚焦于阿尔巴尼亚共和国人权问题的研究，重点探讨了演变、发展、保护和促进等概念。通过本研究，我们将更好地从历史和当代的角度理解人权。研究探讨了国内、区域和国际立法、法院判决、机构以及以基本人权和自由为焦点的诸多挑战。特别强调了阿尔巴尼亚共和国宪法的作用，阿尔巴尼亚国家批准的国际公约，以及各类机构，如宪法法院、人民辩护人、反歧视保护专员等，这些机构共同或单独为人权的保护和促进做出了贡献。本研究特别关注边缘化群体的权利，特别是罗姆人和埃及人群体，因为在阿尔巴尼亚的实践和现实中，他们面临着各种形式的歧视和对公民、政治、经济和社会权利的侵犯。阿尔巴尼亚在人权领域取得的进展是不可否认的，但正如本研究所示，保护和促进人权的理论保障与实际实施之间仍然存在差距。尽管经过多次法律改革，但人权的实施仍有很大改进空间，尤其是对于边缘化群体，特别是罗姆人和埃及人群体而言。本研究强调，通过起草和认真实施法律改革、加强以人权为重点的国家机构、以及开展面向社会的教育宣传活动，尤其是针对公务员的教育，来解决理论与实践之间的差距。此外，研究还强调了将国际人权标准应用于我国国内实践的重要性，揭示了歧视和人权侵犯的原因，并表达了迫切干预以解决这一局面的需要。本研究提出了若干改善阿尔巴尼亚人权状况的建议，强调加强法治、政治意愿、提高透明度、强化国家机构以及实际实施基本人权和自由的重要性。通过详细分析与人权、国家机构和实践相关的国内和国际法律体系，本研究有助于保护和促进人权。它不仅有助于更好地理解人权，而且有助于更好地理解国家和阿尔巴尼亚社会在保护和促进这些权利的框架内面临的挑战。

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Law No. 119/2014, “On the Right to Information”.Law No. 121/2016, “On Social Services in the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 1516/1952, “On the Penal Code”.Law No. 152/2013, “On Civil Servants”.Law No. 18/2017, “On the Rights and Protection of Children”.Law No. 22/2018, “On Social Housing”.Law No. 37/2017, “The Juvenile Justice Code”.Law No. 44/2012, “On Mental Health”.Law No. 44/2015, “The Administrative Procedure Code of the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 5591/1977, “The Penal Code of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania”.Law No. 57/2019, “On Social Assistance in the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 598/1948, “On the Nationalization of Large Herds of Livestock”.Law No. 69/2012, “On the Pre-University Education System in the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 7491/1991, “On Main Constitutional Provisions”.Law No. 7561/1992 “On the Organization of the Judiciary and the Constitutional Court”.Law No. 7889/1994, “On the Status of Work Invalids”.Law No. 7895/1995, “The Penal Code of the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 7961/1995, “Labor Code of the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 8098/1996, “On the Status of the Blind”.Law No. 81/2020, “On the Rights and Treatment of Prisoners and Detainees”.Law No. 8417/1998, “The Constitution of the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 8454/1999, “On the People’s Advocate”.Law No. 8626/2000, “On the Status of Paraplegic and Tetraplegic Disabilities”.Law No. 8773/2001, “On Assemblies”.Law No. 8872/2002, “On Education and Vocational Training in the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 9062/2003, “The Family Code”Law No. 93/2014, “On the Inclusion and Accessibility of Persons with Disabilities”.Law No. 9380/2005, “On Copyright and Related Rights”.Law No. 96/2017, “On the Protection of National Minorities in the Republic of Albania”.Law No. 97/2013, “On Audiovisual Media in Albania”.Law No. 9970/2008, “On Gender Equality in Society”.The Statute of the People's Republic of Albania, 1946.4.International Legal FrameworkConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006.International Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, In human or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 1984.International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, 2010.International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1979.International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1965.International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, 1990.International Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989.International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,1966.International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,1966.Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 2002.Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1999.Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006.Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, 2000.Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, 2000.Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a Communications Procedure, 2011.Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2008.Protocol No. 11 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1998.Protocol No. 12 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 2000.Protocol No. 13 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 2002.Protocol No. 14 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 2010.Protocol No. 15 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 2013.Protocol No. 16 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 2013.Protocol No. 2 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1963.Protocol No. 3 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1963.Protocol No. 4 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1963.Protocol No. 5 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1971.Protocol No. 6 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1985Protocol No. 7 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1984.Protocol No. 8 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1985.The First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966.The Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1989.Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.5.Constitutional Court of the Republic of AlbaniaDecision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 09, dated 26.02.2007.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 33, dated 24.06.2010.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 11, dated 27.08.1993.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 65, dated 10.12.1999.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 16, dated 11.11.2004.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 11, dated 09.03.2021.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 03, dated 11.02.2004.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 16, dated 15.06.2009.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 01, dated 31.01.2003.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 14, dated 17.04.2007.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 09, dated 28.04.2004.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 49, dated 10.07.2015.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 16, dated 15.06.2009.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 19, dated 02.04.2012.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 23, dated 23.07.2009.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 16, dated 08.06.2006.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 28, dated 02.10.2009.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 37, dated 24.12.2010.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 04, dated 07.02.2001.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 15, dated 10.11.2004.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 222, dated 04.11.2002.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 07, dated 27.04.2005.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 31, dated 14.07.1998.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 41, dated 29.12.2005.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 05, dated 08.03.2005.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 12, dated 13.04.2007.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 38, dated 30.12.2010.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 18, dated 14.05.2003.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 15, dated 22.07.2008.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 53, dated 27.06.2001.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 12, dated 14.04.2010.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 52, dated 01.12.2011.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 16, dated 11.11.2004.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 30, dated 05.07.2021.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 48, dated 11.10.2023.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 44, dated 19.06.2017.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 51, dated 18.10.2023.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 02, dated 29.01.2024.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 25, dated 28.04.2014.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 30, dated 01.12.2005.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 35, dated 10.10.2007.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 40, dated 16.11.2007.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 38, dated 09.12.2022.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 03, dated 05.02.2010.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 24, dated 04.05.2021.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 11, dated 09.03.2021.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 24, dated 04.05.2021.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 20, dated 11.07.2006.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 09, dated 23.03.2010Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 10, dated 07.03.2023.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 31, dated 19.11.2003.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 08, dated 25.07.1995.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 03, dated 30.01.2024.Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Albania, No. 09, dated 19.03.2008.6.European Court of Human RightsAlsula and Others v. Albania, Application No. 70455/10, dated 30 November 2023.Biba v. Albania, Application No. 24228/18, dated 7 May 2024.Brahimaj v. Albania, Application No. 4801/13, dated 6 October 2016.Cani v. Albania, Application No. 11006/06, dated 6 March 2012.Cupi v. Albania, Application No. 27187/08, dated 14 November 2023.Driza v. Albania, Application No. 33771/02, dated 13 November 2007.Elgakoti Sh.p.k. and others v. Albania, Application No. 63986/10 and 5 others, dated 6 July 2023.Gjermeni v. Albania, Application No. 57065/14, dated 8 December 2016.Habilaj v. Albania, Application No. 2480/10, dated 15 September 2022.Halimi and Others v. Albania, Application No. 33839/11, dated 7 April 2016.Hamitas v. Albania, Application No. 11254/11, dated 20 July 2023.Haxhia v. Albania, Application No. 29861/03, dated 8 October 2013.Hysa v. Albania, Application No. 72361/11, dated 22 May 2018.Iliria Sh.p.k. v. Albania, Application No. 31011/09, dated 5 March 2024.Kaciu and Kotorri v. Albania, Applications Nos. 33192/07 and 33194/07, dated 25 June 2013.Karagjozi and Others v. Albania, Applications Nos. 25408/06, 37419/06, 49121/06, 1504/07, 19772/07, 46685/07, 49411/07, 27242/08, 61912/08, and 15075/09, dated 8 April 2014.Karemani v. Albania, Application No. 48717/08, dated 25 September 2018.Kokalari v. Albania, Application No. 22493/12, dated 30 January 2024.Lacej v. Albania, Application No. 22122/08, dated 29 September 2022.Laci v. Albania, Application No. 28142/17, dated 19 October 2021.Lazaris v. Albania, Application No. 48806/06, dated 20 June 2023.Leka v. Albania, Application No. 60569/09, dated 5 March 2024.Luli v. Albania, Application No. 30601/08, dated 15 September 2015.Maci v. Albania, Application No. 21051/10, dated 4 July 2024.Meli and Swinkels Family Brewers N.V. v. Albania, Application No. 41373/21 and 48801/21, dated 16.07.2024.Memishaj v. Albania, Application No. 40430/08, dated 25 March 2014.Metalla and Others v. Albania, Applications Nos. 30264/08, 42120/08, 54403/08, and 54411/08, dated 16 July 2015.Molla v. Albania, Application No. 29680/07, dated 8 December 2016.Mulla v. Albania, Application No. 72348/11, dated 6 July 2023.Mulosmani v. Albania, Application No. 29864/03, dated 8 October 2013.Osmani v. Albania, Application No. 8706/18, dated 5 December 2023.Qerimi and Canaj v. Albania, Applications Nos. 12878/10 and 74858/12, dated 8 September 2016.Sharxhi and Others v. Albania, Application No. 10613/16, dated 11 January 2018.Shehu v. Albania, Application No. 33704/09, dated 6 October 2016.Shkalla v. Albania, Application No. 26866/05, dated 10 May 2011.Spahiu and Others v. Albania, Application No. 79452/17, dated 18 July 2024.Supergrav Albania Sh.p.k. v. Albania, Application No. 20702/18, dated 09.08.2023.Tushaj v. Albania, Application No. 13620/10, dated 15 January 2013.Valio Shipping Company v. Albania, Application No. 34230/07, dated 6 October 2015.Vicktoria Sh.p.k. v. Albania, Application No. 31018/09, dated 22 February 2024.Vjola Sh.p.k. and DE Sh.p.k. v. Albania, Application No. 18076/12, dated 30 January 2024.Yzeiraj v. Albania, Application No. 70455/10, dated 11 July 2023.Zajmi v. Albania, Application No. 83907/17, dated 20 June 2023.Zela v. Albania, Application No. 33164/11, dated 11 June 2024.Zeqo and Seat Sh.p.k. v. Albania, Applications Nos. 61445/12 and 53157/15, dated 22 June 2023.7.Online Resources and Reports Annual Report of the Commissioner for Protection from Discrimination, 2023.Annual Report of the Commissioner for Protection from Discrimination, 2022.Annual Report of the Commissioner for Protection from Discrimination, 2021.Commissioner for the Right to Information and Protection of Personal Data, Annual Report 2022.Commissioner for the Right to Information and Protection of Personal Data, Annual Report 2019.Committee against Torture, List of Issues in Relation to the Third Periodic Report of Albania, 1 May 2024, CAT/C/ALB/Q/3 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FALB%2FQ%2F3&Lang=en Committee against Torture; Third Periodic Report submitted by Albania under Article 19 of the Convention, due in 2016, CAT/C/ALB/3 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FALB%2F3&Lang=en Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Concluding Observations on the Fourth Periodic Report of Albania, 17 October 2024, E/C.12/ALB/CO/4 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=E%2FC.12%2FALB%2FCO%2F4&Lang=en Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Fourth Periodic Report submitted by Albania under Articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant, due in2018; E/C.12/ALB/4 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=E%2FC.12%2FALB%2F4&Lang=en Committee on Enforced Disappearances Information received from Albania on Follow-up to the Concluding Observations on its Report submitted under article29 (1) of the Convention, date received 24 May 2020, CED/C/ALB/FCO/1 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CED%2FC%2FALB%2FFCO%2F1&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Concluding Observations on the Fifth Periodic Report of Albania, 14 November 2023, CEDAW/C/ALB/CO/5, https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CEDAW%2FC%2FALB%2FCO%2F5&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Fifth Periodic Report submitted by Albania under Article 18 of the Convention, due in 2020, CEDAW/C/ALB/5, https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CEDAW%2FC%2FALB%2F5&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Combined Thirteenth and Fourteenth Periodic Reports submitted by Albania under Article 9 of the Convention, due in 2021, CERD/C/ALB/13-14 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CERD%2FC%2FALB%2F13-14&Lang=en Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Concluding Observations on the Combined Thirteenth and Fourteenth Periodic Reports of Albania; 23 May 2024; CERD/C/ALB/CO/13-14 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CERD%2FC%2FALB%2FCO%2F13-14&Lang=en Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, Concluding Observations on the Second Periodic Report of Albania, 8 May 2019, CMW/C/ALB/CO/2 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CMW%2FC%2FALB%2FCO%2F2&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Concluding Observations on the Initial Report of Albania, 14 October 2019, CRPD/C/ALB/CO/1 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRPD%2FC%2FALB%2FCO%2F1&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Initial Report submitted by Albania under Article35 of the Convention, due in 2014, CRPD/C/ALB/1 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRPD%2FC%2FALB%2F1&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of the Child Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, Concluding Observations on the Initial Report of Albania, Adopted by the Committee at Its Sixty-first Session 17September–5 October 2012, CRC/C/OPAC/ALB/CO/1 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FOPAC%2FALB%2FCO%2F1&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of the Child Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, Concluding Observations on the Initial Report of Albania, adopted by the Committee at its Sixty-first session on 17 September–5 October 2012, CRC/C/OPSC/ALB/CO/1 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FOPSC%2FALB%2FCO%2F1&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of the Child, Combined Fifth and Sixth Periodic Reports submitted by Albania under Article 44 of the Convention, due in 2017, CRC/C/ALB/5-6 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FALB%2F5-6&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding Observations on the Combined Fifth and Sixth Periodic Reports of Albania, 17 October 2023, CRC/C/ALB/CO/5-6 https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FALB%2FCO%2F5-6&Lang=en http://www.pakicatkombetare.gov.al/?page_id=444 https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n11/467/10/pdf/n1146710.pdf https://ijrcenter.org/albania-human-rights-factsheet/ https://ishmt.gov.al/e-drejta-e-autorit/ https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/TreatyBodyExternal/Countries.aspx https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/sq/about-us/about-us-details https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=signatures-by-treaty&treatynum=005 https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list?module=signatures-by-treaty&treatynum=009 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People's Advocate, Annual Report 2007. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202007.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2009. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202009.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2010. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202010.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2011. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202011.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2012. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202012.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2013. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202013.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2014. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202014.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2015. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202015.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2016. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202016.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2017. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/RAPORTI%202017_GGnDnS8.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2018. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/Raport%20Vjetor%202018.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2019. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/Raporti%20Vjetor%202019%20-%20Avokati%20i%20Popullit.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2020. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/Raporti%20Vjetor%20i%20veprimtarise%20se%20institucionit%20te%20Avokatit%20te%20Popullit%20-%20viti%202020.pdf. People's Advocate, Annual Report 2021. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/Raporti%20vjetor%20i%20verpimtaris%C3%AB%20s%C3%AB%20institucionit%20t%C3%AB%20AP%20p%C3%ABr%20vitin%202021.pdf People's Advocate, Annual Report 2022. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/PA%20Annual%20Report%202022%20final%20(1) People's Advocate, Annual Report 2023. https://www.avokatipopullit.gov.al/media/manager/website/reports/FINALRAPORTI%20VJETOR%202023.pdf Republic of Albania, Institute of Statistics, Population and Housing Census in Albania 2023 – Key Results, https://www.instat.gov.al/media/13787/cens-2023.pdf www.gjk.gov.al/web/fjalimi_i_kryetarit_922.pdf

学科：

人权法学

提交日期：

2025-05-25

引用参考：

LEKA RAMAZAN. Protection and Promotion of Human Rights in the Republic of Albania[D]. 西南政法大学,2025.

全文附件授权许可：

知识共享许可协议-署名